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Sign the petition: Vote NEXT WEEK to hold Israel accountable for ethnic cleansing in the West Bank
TELL THE SENATE: Israeli soldiers and security forces have killed 9 Americans in the West Bank in recent years with impunity. Extremist settlers execute daily attacks on the Palestinian people — and no one is held accountable. The U.S. must end complicity with Israel's violence. Sign the petition: Hold Israel accountable for ethnic cleansing in the West Bank! Trump is trying to force through a massive bomb shipment to Israel as the Israeli government continues its genocide in Gaza and ethnic cleansing in the West Bank. Israeli violence has killed 9 Americans in the West Bank in the last four years, but no one has been held accountable.1 The UN estimates that Israeli settlers, backed by Israel's security forces, led 6 violent assaults on Palestinians or their property every single day this year.2 "What is happening right now is the erasure of humans, trees and stones, and anything that is Palestinian, by settlers under the support of the military," said one Palestinian resident of Kufr Malik.3 24 Senate Democrats are leading an effort to pressure Trump and Israel to end this wanton settler violence against Americans and Palestinians.4 Sign the petition: Tell your Senators to hold Israel accountable for the murder of Americans and ethnic cleansing of Palestinians in the West Bank!The U.S. government's continuous funding and weapons support allows Israel to continue its horrific violence in Gaza, the West Bank, and Lebanon. "Violence is raging in the West Bank, fueled by Israeli settlers & the extreme Netanyahu government. America cannot sit idly by, especially as our own citizens are killed and wrongfully detained with no accountability," said Senator Chris Van Hollen, the lead sponsor of the resolution to force Trump's State Department to document Israel's violence for the world to see.5 Sen. Bernie Sanders said, "Every day, Palestinians in the West Bank experience horrific violence at the hands of Israeli settlers and security forces — and for years, the Israeli government has offered impunity instead of accountability."6 Exposing Israel's atrocities and holding settlers accountable is an important step towards real justice and safety for Palestinians. Sign the petition: Tell your Senators to vote YES next week to report on Israel's human rights violations in the West Bank!Thanks for taking action, ![]() Sources:
Contributions to ActBlue Civics and Demand Progress Action are not deductible as charitable contributions for federal income tax purposes. Join our online community on Instagram or Twitter. Shaheen, Van Hollen, Kaine, Sanders Lead 20+ Senators in Introducing Privileged Resolution Seeking Answers on West Bank ViolenceThe Senators’ resolution – introduced Monday night – would require a report on increasing violence in the West Bank, including deaths of American citizens
They were joined in introducing the resolution by Senators Jeff Merkley (D-OR), Mazie Hirono (D-HI), Martin Heinrich (D-NM), Elizabeth Warren (D-MA), Ed Markey (D-MA), Tina Smith (D-MN), Ben Ray Luján (D-NM), Peter Welch (D-VT), Richard Blumenthal (D-CT), Ron Wyden (D-OR), Chris Murphy (D-NJ), Brian Schatz (D-HI), Chris Coons (D-DE), Dick Durbin (D-IL), Lisa Blunt Rochester (D-DE), Patty Murray (D-WA), Jack Reed (D-RI), Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI) and Tammy Duckworth (D-IL). “We have a responsibility to ensure the killing of American citizens is thoroughly investigated anywhere in the world,” said Senator Shaheen. “These killings and extremist settler violence against Palestinians in the West Bank undermine the rule of law and threaten a two-state solution. I’m proud to join this resolution to send the message from Congress that the United States will not sign off on unchecked escalation. I encourage the Trump Administration to continue to make clear that the U.S. opposes annexation of the West Bank and extremist settler policies.” “The violence committed by Israeli settlers in the West Bank is reaching an unprecedented level, and as a result more and more Americans and Palestinians are being killed and injured. These actions—and the Israeli government’s lack of response to this violence—are unacceptable and threaten the long-term safety and security of the entire region,” said Senator Kaine. “Friends need to listen to each other, and my colleagues and I have repeatedly urged Israeli leaders to take firmer action to curtail illegal settlements in the West Bank, prosecute violent settlers, and protect Palestinian residents as well as American citizens living in or visiting the West Bank. I encourage all of my colleagues to support this resolution to require the State Department to conduct a formal assessment and provide a report to Congress on the situation in the West Bank, in particular the safety and security of Americans.” “Every day, Palestinians in the West Bank experience horrific violence at the hands of Israeli settlers and security forces — and for years, the Israeli government has offered impunity instead of accountability. Enough is enough. The United States cannot keep bankrolling this violence and looking the other way — it’s time to end our complicity, once and for all,” said Senator Sanders. “In my visits to the West Bank, I’ve heard numerous stories about the organized strategy of harassment and violence settlers are inflicting upon Palestinian villagers and Palestinian Americans. Tactics include cutting off villagers from their wells, their vineyards, and their orchards, burning their vehicles, and assaulting defenseless individuals, all with the implicit support of the Netanyahu government. This is wrong under every moral code,” said Senator Merkley. “This resolution demands answers about these abuses and accountability for those responsible.” “The Netanyahu government has failed to stop Israeli security forces and settler attacks in the West Bank for years, including attacks that killed American citizens. The Trump administration has even gone so far as to reverse sanctions against individuals connected to this pattern of horrific violence. It's long past time for the U.S. government to stand up for human rights, investigate this violence against Americans and Palestinian civilians, provide full information to Congress, and hold the perpetrators accountable,” said Senator Warren. “Israeli settlers in the West Bank have perpetrated violent crimes against Palestinians, including American citizens, with impunity. It is completely reasonable for Congress to demand our own government to report who was involved in these attacks. The United States has a moral obligation to seek justice for both our own citizens and Palestinians, including many children, targeted by Israeli security forces or settlers in the West Bank,” said Senator Smith. “A mature democracy can face up to its failures and commit to doing better. I am not at all convinced that Benjamin Netanyahu’s government is up to that task, which is why it’s up to the United States.” “We have a responsibility to protect Americans abroad and seek justice when Americans are killed,” said Senator Luján. “The escalating violence in the West Bank and lack of accountability for the deaths of American citizens are deeply concerning. This resolution will help us get the answers we need, demand accountability, and ensure that we have a better assessment of the human rights situation in the West Bank.” “Israeli military and police forces are a leading perpetrator of deadly violence against American civilians—including 9 killed since 2022,” said Senator Welch. “Too often there are no serious investigations and there is no accountability after violent attacks. Israel should be held to the same standards as every other nation when it comes to the lives of American citizens—that’s what this resolution demands.” “Violent, lethal lawlessness on the West Bank is a betrayal of Israel’s moral standing and our shared values, and must be stopped. This resolution is now necessary, after so many have urged action and violence only continues to rise. Failing to enforce clear legal prohibitions and protections has cost American and Palestinian lives – and deeply threatens a peaceful, stable future for all Israelis and Palestinians,” said Senator Blumenthal. “I have long said that continued settlement activity is one of the obstacles to a long term two-state solution. Recent settler violence only further undermines this goal and demands a serious response from the Netanyahu government—a message this resolution clearly conveys,” said Senator Durbin. "The United States cannot look the other way when Americans are killed or when Palestinians are subjected to violence and displacement, and neither can Israel. We must send a clear message to the Trump administration and the Israeli government: New Mexicans will not stand by while U.S. citizens are killed by violent Israeli settlers and the Israeli military,” said Senator Heinrich. "We need to end the bloodshed and work toward lasting peace in the region. That starts with holding President Netanyahu accountable for the human rights abuses taking place in the West Bank and making clear that American taxpayers will not provide a blank check for the Israeli government to kill U.S. citizens and kill and displace Palestinians. This resolution will get us closer to real accountability from the Trump Administration and the Israeli Government.” “Settlers have attacked and killed Palestinians and Americans in the West Bank for years, too often without any real accountability from the Israeli government. We need answers about why this violence has been allowed to continue and what concrete steps are being taken to prevent future tragedies. When settler violence goes unchecked, it puts lives at risk and further undermines the prospects for lasting peace in the region,” said Senator Schatz. “The escalating settler violence in the West Bank has claimed the lives of Americans and innocent Palestinian civilians. Both the Trump administration and Netanyahu government have failed to ensure accountability and justice for these families or meaningfully provide for the safety and security of those in the West Bank. This resolution will help Congress receive information it needs to ensure that U.S. taxpayer dollars do not bankroll such abuses,” said Senator Wyden. The resolution draws upon Section 502B(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act, which allows Congress to file a privileged resolution that, if passed, would require the State Department to provide information on any country receiving U.S. security assistance and that country’s observance of internationally-recognized human rights. After introduction, the Senate Foreign Relations Committee has ten days to consider it in committee, and if it fails to do so, the resolution can be called up for a vote on the Senate floor. If the resolution passes the Senate, the Trump Administration must submit the report within 30 days or the majority of security assistance authorized to Israel would be prohibited. If the resolution passes, and following the receipt of the State Department report, Congress may consider any necessary changes to U.S. security assistance to that country in light of the information received. If the Administration declines or fails to submit the required report, the Administration’s decision would prompt the termination of certain covered security assistance programs for Israel. Text of the resolution is available here. |
JUST one of a multitude of reports coming out of Israel and the illegally occupied territories, many by Israeli film makers, journalist and politicians, documenting the genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity being committed daily by the Israeli government of bibi netanyahu, the Israeli Defense Forces/IDF, Israeli security forces, Mossad and illegal Israeli settlers throughout Gaza, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, Lebanon, and the Golan Heights ( right now there are no known Israeli settlements in Gaza ). "Naza" documents the genocide being committed on Palestinians in Gaza by the netanyahu government, the IDF and Israeli security. You can see an example of the vile Israeli propaganda campaign against the exposure of their crimes here. This from DemocracyNow!.....
The film NAZA, which documents the Israeli military’s use of secret AI-powered systems to deliberately and systematically target and massacre civilians in Gaza, won the Special Jury Prize at the Venice Film Festival Saturday. The film was directed by Israeli journalist Yuval Abraham and filmmaker Rachel Szor, both of whom won an Oscar for the documentary No Other Land in 2025 along with Palestinian co-directors Basel Adra and Hamdan Ballal. NAZA was shot in secret on rooftops in Tel Aviv over three years and builds on testimony from Israeli military and intelligence sources who spoke on the condition their identities be concealed. The film’s title refers to an acronym used by the Israeli military as a shorthand for civilian killings in Gaza.
The film’s reception in Venice, where it received a record-breaking 25-minute standing ovation, was met with angry backlash from Israel’s government as Culture Minister Miki Zohar threatened to revoke Abraham and Szor’s Israeli citizenship.
AMY GOODMAN: Te film ”NAZA” — which documents the Israeli military’s use of secret AI-powered systems to deliberately and systematically target and massacre civilians in Gaza — won the Special Jury Prize at the Venice Film Festival Saturday. The film received a record-breaking 25-minute standing ovation when it premiered last week.
The film was directed by Israeli journalist Yuval Abraham and filmmaker Rachel Szor, both of whom won an Oscar for the documentary “No Other Land” along with Palestinian co-directors Basel Adra and Hamdan Ballal.
“NAZA” was shot in secret on rooftops in Tel Aviv over three years and builds on testimony from Israeli military and intelligence sources who spoke on the condition their identities be concealed. The film’s title refers to an acronym used by the Israeli military as a shorthand for civilian killings in Gaza.
This is part of Yuval Abraham’s acceptance speech in Venice Saturday.
Yuval Abraham: “Thank you to the jury, and we are both very grateful to be here. It’s honestly not very easy to stand here. I’m thinking of all the people—the Israeli politicians, the journalists back home—who are now attacking this film, denying it without even seeing it, and so much is being done to not look at reality. The reality is that since this festival started, just over these 10 days, Israel killed six Palestinian children in Gaza at least: a three-year-old girl at a school that was bombed, a seven-year-old with her father in the car, two sisters at home sleeping. And you know, the Israeli intelligence officers we spoke with talked to us about how this mass killing is systemic—not by accident, but by design. Actions of murder and policies that are based on total dehumanization of Palestinians. And I want to be very clear: this truth has been documented and is known from the very first day thanks to Palestinian journalists. More than 200 of them were killed by Israel in Gaza. Their voices were silenced and denied.
We believe that the denial of a crime is what helps it persist. And that’s why it’s really, especially important for us that Israelis watch this film—it’s our country that is doing these crimes—that Europeans watch it, and especially here in Italy, because your government and the German government are blocking pressure on Israel that can end this, that Americans watch it, because that country is funding much of the killing.”
AMY GOODMAN: “NAZA’s” win at Venice was met with angry backlash from Israel’s government with Israeli Culture Minister Miki Zohar threatening to revoke Abraham and Szor’s Israeli citizenship.
In a post on X Sunday, Zohar called the documentary “vile” and accused the filmmakers of treason.
This video from oren/travelingisrael.com is fascist propaganda, using this company makes one complicit in the genocide, war crimes & crimes against humanity being committed in Gaza, West Bank, East Jerusalem, Lebanon & Golan Heights. Stay away unless you support these crimes by Israeli nazi fascist.
Rep Thomas Massie R-KY, Rep Greg Casar D-TX, and Sen Bernie Sanders I-VT are some of the leaders in congress who are leading efforts to cut the funding for the Israeli Defense Forces while they continue their campaigns of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity on the Palestinian people in Gaza, the West Bank, East Jerusalem and Lebanon. I called Rep Suhas Subramanyam's D-VA DC office about his continued support of military aid to Israel and his complicity in Israel's genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity on Palestinians demanding he support stopping funding for the IDF and all Israeli security forces until they stop committing genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity on Palestinians. Please sign Demand Progresses' petition to the US Congress telling them to cut the $3.3 billion from the NSRP and to stop supporting Israel until they stop committing genocide and these crimes and abuses on Palestinians, and then if you can e mail your representative and senators. Below is the e mail I sent to Rep Subramanyam and to Sen Warner D-VA and Sen Kaine D-VA. The articles are from Responsible Statecraft and Council on Foreign Relations.....
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Democrats in Congress are split over a vote on $3.3 billion in funding for Israel's military.1
For some, the choice is clear. Rep. Greg Casar stated that he would vote to block the funding. "The Israeli government committed war crimes in Gaza and helped drag America into war with Iran," he said. "Americans should not be financing more weapons" for Israel.2
Other House lawmakers remain undecided — though the tide seems to be turning even among historically staunchly pro-Israel Democrats. Why? Because American support for Israel is plummeting amongst the general public. Congress must take a stand and end U.S. complicity with Israel's atrocities in Gaza, Lebanon, and Iran NOW.
Sign the petition: Vote YES to reject $3.3 billion in U.S. funding for the Israeli military!
Israel has committed atrocities in Gaza, Lebanon, and Iran with the full backing of the U.S. government despite only 16% of Americans supporting unconditional aid to Israel.3 Despite so-called ceasefires, Israel continues occupying large parts of Lebanon, and carries out near-daily attacks on Gaza.
The U.S. Senate has shown historic support for ending unconditional weapons sales to Israel in recent months. We need to carry that momentum to this House vote.
Our lawmakers must end U.S. support for Israel's relentless violence in the Middle East.
Sign the petition: No more U.S. tax dollars for Israel's genocidal violence!
Thanks for taking action,
Joey and the team at Demand Progress

Sources:
I demand you sponsor and support Rep Thomas Massie's amendment to HR 8595 removing $3.3 billion from the NSRP for the Israeli Defense Forces. You have been a long time participant in the murders of American Palestinians in the West Bank as well as a long time participant in the genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity being waged by the IDF and all other Israeli security services along with illegal Israeli settlers against Palestinians in Gaza, the West Bank, East Jerusalem and Lebanon. It is time for you to end your complicity in these crimes, time for you to condemn the neo-nazi fascist Israeli reich no matter how much you have been paid by aipac and all other pro genocide, pro war crimes, and pro crimes against humanity pro Israeli pacs and organizations. I also expect you to work with the entire Virginia delegation to sponsor and support Rep Massie's amendment in the House and like legislation in the Senate.
MASSIE MOVES TO STRIKE $3.3B IN ISRAELI AID FROM THE BUDGET
The House Rules Committee has advanced an amendment by Thomas Massie (R-Ky.) to strip $3.3 billion in funding for the Israel Defense Forces from the federal budget.
That means that as early as Thursday, every member of the House will have to vote on the proposal. Constituents will have the opportunity to see if their member will vote to end U.S. funding for Israel, or continue it.
The funds targeted would come out of the National Security, Department of State, and Related Programs Appropriations Act (NSRP), the bill that funds the State Department, international development assistance, and global organizations.
Although the amendment is unlikely to pass, it will require members of Congress to decide if they want to be seen as advocating for a continuation of the U.S.-Israel relationship, or a new approach. As Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) tweeted, only 16% of Americans support unconditional aid to Israel.
For members on the right, they will have to explain to their constituents why they are voting to continue sending billions of taxpayer dollars to a foreign country that just dragged the U.S. into an unnecessary war with Iran, spiking gas prices for ordinary Americans before ending in military defeat. Even 51% of Republicans, in addition to three-quarters of Democrats, now say that Israel exerts too much sway over U.S. foreign policy. For Republicans who voted for an “America First” foreign policy, the blank check to Israel has become harder to defend.
For members on the left, they will have to justify why the U.S. continues to enable Israel’s horrifying violence against Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank, its occupation of Lebanon and Syria, and its attacks on seven countries over the past year, including Qatar, a major non-NATO U.S. ally. By providing Israel with billions in aid no matter how destabilizing its behavior, no matter how many international bodies and organizations accuse it of genocide and atrocities, Washington encourages Israel to behave even more aggressively.
Whereas if a significant portion of members vote in favor of the Massie amendment, even if it does not pass, this could send an important signal to Israel that it might want to rethink its bellicosity towards the rest of the region. This could be especially useful in an election year, as Israelis head to the polls to select a new leader, likely not Benjamin Netanyahu. In the absence of any such messaging from Washington, Israelis will continue their current trajectory: futilely trying to create security through violence.
Yet instead of sending that signal to Israel, many in Congress will likely stick to their AIPAC provided talking points.
For example, AIPAC asserts that the U.S. and Israel share security interests in the Middle East. This point is harder to make in the midst of the Trump administration’s efforts to avoid a return to open conflict with Iran by implementing the MOU, while the Israeli Defense Minister stated that Israel will continue to occupy and attack Lebanon, a clear attempt to reignite the war.
Another talking point asserts that the U.S.-Israel relationship is good for American jobs. However even according to the American Jewish Committee, the relationship only directly enables 20,000 jobs, or .012% of the U.S. workforce.
Moreover, supporters like to argue that without $3.3 billion from Washington, Israel would be defenseless. Yet Israel recently overtook the U.K. to become the seventh biggest exporter of arms and weaponry. Israel has broken its own record for arms exports every year for the past five years, reaching $19.2 billion in sales in 2025. Clearly, Israel has more than enough spare defense capacity.
The perception that Israel needs U.S. support or it will face an existential threat is fading, replaced with concerns about what U.S. money has enabled Israel to do and whether that reflects U.S. interests. Poll after poll has demonstrated a fundamental shift in American opinions. A Sienna/New York Times poll in May showed that almost three-quarters of Democratic voters oppose U.S. military aid to Israel. While a majority of Republicans continue to support the aid, younger Republicans increasingly question the scale.
In terms of the U.S.-Israel relationship more broadly, in April, the Pew Research Center found that a record 60% of American adults now have an unfavorable view of Israel, up from 53% just last year. Massie’s amendment reflects this shift.
And yet this may be the last time such a vote is possible. Proponents of Israel aid are pushing to remove it from the category of direct military assistance, which is appropriated through the NSRP, to the category of defense contracts, which Congress does not vote on. Massie, along with Rep. Ro Khanna (D-Calif.) and co-sponsors Jim McGovern, Chuy Garcia, Rashida Tlaib, and Don Beyer, are trying to strip that amendment, section 219 of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), in order to prevent the integration of the U.S. and Israel defense industrial sectors.
It is precisely the shift in public opinion, and the desire to reduce aid to Israel, that is driving the effort by Israel to shield funding for Israel’s military from public opposition. The vote on Massie’s amendment, to be taken up as early as Thursday, even if it doesn’t pass, will be revealing — for who does and who doesn’t vote for it.
The United States was the first country to recognize the provisional government of the state of Israel upon its founding in 1948, and for many decades it has been a strong and steady supporter of the Jewish state. Israel has received hundreds of billions of dollars in U.S. foreign aid in the post–World War II era, a level of support that reflects many factors, including a U.S. commitment to Israel’s security and the countries’ shared foreign policy interests in a volatile and strategically important part of the world. Israel is also a leading buyer of U.S. weapons systems via traditional arms sales.
The two countries do not have a mutual defense pact, as the United States has with allies such as Japan and fellow members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). However, Israel is among a short list of “major non-NATO allies” and also has privileged access to the most advanced U.S. military platforms and technologies.
In 2024, U.S. military aid to Israel soared to its highest level in decades during Israel’s ongoing war with Hamas in Gaza. The conflict was sparked by Hamas’s October 2023 attack that killed approximately twelve hundred Israelis—the deadliest in the country’s history. More than sixty-five thousand Palestinians, including a large share of civilians, have died in the conflict,according to the United Nations and the Hamas-run Gaza health ministry. U.S. military support also proved essential during Israel’s recent hostilities with Hezbollah in Lebanon and with Iran, helping Israel significantly degrade the military capabilities of its longtime rivals.
Israel has been the largest cumulative recipient of U.S. foreign aid since its founding, receiving over $300 billion (adjusted for inflation) in total economic and military assistance. While the United States has also provided large foreign aid packages to other Middle Eastern countries, particularly Egypt and Iraq, Israel stands apart.
Total aid from fiscal years 1946 to 2024 (constant 2024 dollars)
The United States provided Israel considerable economic assistance from 1971 to 2007, but nearly all U.S. aid today goes to support Israel’s military, the most advanced in the region. The United States has provisionally agreed via a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to provide Israel with $3.8 billion per year through 2028, including $500 million per year for missile defense.
Israel has been using American-made weapons against its foes—including Hamas, Hezbollah, and Iran—for decades. The Israeli military has reportedly received expedited deliveries of weapons from a strategic stockpile that the United States has maintained in Israel since the 1980s.
Since the start of Israel’s war with Hamas on October 7, 2023, the United States has enacted legislation providing at least $16.3 billion in direct military aid to Israel. The aid was authorized in three pieces of legislation: a supplemental appropriations act in April 2024 which provided $8.7 billion, and appropriations acts in 2024 and 2025 which provided $3.8 billion per year in line with the MOU. Of the total, $6.7 billion is for missile defense.
In May 2025, the Israeli Defense Ministry said since October 2023 the United States had delivered ninety thousand tons of arms and equipment on eight hundred transport planes and 140 ships. The extraordinary flow of aid has included tank and artillery ammunition, bombs, rockets, and small arms.
Most of the aid is provided as grants under the Foreign Military Financing (FMF) program, which funds countries’ purchases of U.S. military equipment and services through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program or in some cases through direct commercial contracts.
Israel has historically been one of the top recipients of U.S. arms sales. In April 2025, it had 751 active FMS cases with the U.S., worth a total of roughly $39 billion. Israel has also been permitted to use a portion of its FMF aid to buy equipment from Israeli defense firms—a benefit not granted to other recipients of U.S. military aid, which are required to buy from American firms. However, this domestic procurement benefit is set to be phased out in the next few years.
U.S. aid reportedly accounted for around 20 percent of Israel’s defense budget in the years prior to the Israel-Hamas war. Israel, like many other countries, also buys U.S. military products outside of the FMF program.
Currently, $500 million per year is slated for Israeli and joint U.S.-Israeli missile defense programs, in which the two countries collaborate on the research, development, and production of defense systems used by Israel, including the Iron Dome, David’s Sling, Arrow, Arrow II, Arrow III, and Iron Beam. While the Iron Dome was solely developed by Israel, the United States has been a production partner since 2014. David’s Sling and the Arrow system were developed jointly by Israel and the United States. Iron Beam development was begun by an Israeli company, with the U.S. contractor Lockheed Martin later joining development.
While Israel does purchase some arms from other countries, the large majority of its arms imports come from the United States. In recent years, the remainder have come primarily from Germany, although in August 2025 the German government announced it would stop providing military equipment that could be used in Gaza.
Israel
Israel is not the largest importer of U.S. arms, but 78% of its arms imports since 2000 have come from the United States.
78% from U.S.
3B
2B
1B
From other countries
From United States
0
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
Egypt
Iraq
34% from U.S.
52% from U.S.
3B
2B
1B
0
Qatar
Kuwait
49% from U.S.
65% from U.S.
3B
2B
1B
0
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
62% from U.S.
54% from U.S.
3B
2B
1B
0
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
*Military value is expressed as “trend-indicator-value,” a unit developed by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) that represents the military capability of arms sales.
Note: Countries included are the largest recipients of U.S. arms sales in the Middle East.
Transfers of U.S. military equipment to Israel, as to other foreign governments, are subject to relevant U.S. and international law. The president must notify Congress [PDF] before selling foreign powers major weapon systems or services valued above a certain dollar threshold, and lawmakers are allowed a period to review the sale. For transactions with Israel (and other close U.S. allies), the threshold that triggers a fifteen-day congressional review ranges from $25 million to $300 million, depending on the defense articles or services.
Congress can block a sale through a joint resolution, although this has never happened. In special cases, the president can bypass congressional review if they deem that a national security emergency exists. President Biden used this expedited waiver process for both Israel and Ukraine, and President Trump used it for Saudi Arabia in his first term and Israel in his second. For smaller transactions that don’t meet the dollar threshold, no congressional review is required.
The United States cannot provide security assistance to foreign governments or groups that commit gross human rights violations, a red line enshrined in the so-called Leahy Law. Some legal scholars and other critics have alleged that the United States has not applied the Leahy Law with regard to Israel as it has with other Middle Eastern countries.
Any military aid that the United States provides to recipients must only be used according to agreed-upon terms and conditions, and it is incumbent on the U.S. government to monitor the end use of the equipment it provides. For instance, the Ronald Reagan administration banned transfers of cluster munitions to Israel for several years in the 1980s after it determined that Israel had used them on civilian targets during its invasion of Lebanon.
Israel has agreed to use U.S. weapons only in self-defense. Outside of this, Biden administration officials said in mid-October 2023 that they had not placed further limitations or constraints on how Israel uses U.S. weapons, although they said that Israel should observe international law. In February 2024, four months into the Israel-Hamas war, Biden issued a national security memo requiring recipients of U.S. military aid to give written assurances that they would observe international law in their use of the aid, and that they would facilitate the delivery of U.S. humanitarian assistance in the area of armed conflict where the U.S. military aid is being used. In February 2025, the Trump administration rescinded the memo.
QME has been a conceptual backbone of U.S. military aid to Israel for decades, and it was formally enshrined in U.S. law in 2008 [PDF]. It requires the U.S. government to maintain Israel’s ability “to defeat any credible conventional military threat from any individual state or possible coalition of states or from non-state actors, while sustaining minimal damage and casualties.” QME is based on NATO military planning vis-a-vis a potential conflict with the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact countries during the Cold War.
Under the 2008 law, the United States must ensure that any weapons it provides to other countries in the Middle East do not compromise Israel’s QME. In several cases, this has required the United States to provide Israel with offsetting weaponry as part of larger regional arms sales. QME has also ensured that Israel is the first in the region to receive access to the most sophisticated U.S. military weapons and platforms, such as the F-35 stealth fighter, of which Israel has fifty.
Israel received widespread support from the West immediately following Hamas’s October 7 attack, but pro-Israel sentiment in the United States and many other countries has weakened as the humanitarian situation in Gaza has deteriorated. International alarm over the conditions in the enclave grew after a UN-backed monitor declaring famine in August 2025.
Many humanitarian groups have voiced concerns about Israel’s heavy air and ground assaults on Gaza, as well as its obstruction of aid to the densely populated enclave. Israel claims the high death toll is a result of Hamas using people as “human shields.” In December 2023, South Africa filed a case at the International Court of Justice accusing Israel of genocide, a claim Israel and the United States both denounced as unfounded. In May 2024, the prosecutor for the International Criminal Court (ICC) charged both Hamas and Israeli leaders with multiple war crimes and crimes against humanity. Israel and the United States rejected the charges against Israeli leaders.
Recent Economist/YouGov polls find declining support among Americans for military aid to Israel over the past year, with a plurality now favoring a decrease in aid. A 2024 Pew Research Center poll also found Americans voiced greater support for the Israeli people than for the Israeli government. Polls have consistently found that support for Israel varies by age, skewing highest among older Americans.
Both the Biden and Trump administrations have provided Israel with critical military support, including aid and weapons sales.
While Biden was an ardent supporter of Israel’s right to self-defense and provided significant military and diplomatic support, he was critical of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s handling of the war and his government’s plans for postwar Gaza. Biden warned in December 2023 that Israel’s “indiscriminate bombing” of Gaza risked costing Israel its international support. In early 2024, the Biden administration paused a shipment of large bombs to Israel, effectively acknowledging that Israel was using American-made weapons in a manner that caused civilian deaths in Gaza and risked violating the laws of war.
The Biden administration expanded the already large U.S. military presence in the Middle East to protect U.S. installations and ships, as well as to help defend Israel. U.S. forces helped Israel neutralize two separate Iranian missile and drone attacks, in April and October 2024. U.S. forces have also been protecting merchant shipping in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden against regular Houthi attacks.
Trump criticized Biden for not being sufficiently supportive of Israel, and in early 2025 his administration rescinded the Biden administration’s conditions on aid, saying it had “imposed baseless and politicized conditions on military assistance to Israel at a time when our close ally was fighting a war of survival on multiple fronts against Iran and terror proxies.”
Following the outbreak of war between Israel and Iran in June 2025, the Trump administration deployed U.S. bombers to target Iran’s nuclear sites, coordinating its military campaign with Israel. Trump has occasionally expressed disagreement with Netanyahu, stating that there is “real starvation” in Gaza after Netanyahu denied that Israel was causing hunger.
Meanwhile, some lawmakers—primarily Democrats—have sought to condition U.S. military aid to Israel or to block sales altogether.
Prior to the war, the U.S.-Israel relationship had experienced strains over the rhetoric and policies of Netanyahu’s government, including its plans to curb the Israeli Supreme Court’s powers and its approval of more Jewish settlements in the West Bank. The so-called two-state solution had been a long-running U.S. foreign policy goal, although the Trump administration has not pursued it. At the UN General Assembly session in 2025, some U.S. allies announced their recognition of a Palestinian state over the objections of Israel and the United States.
In recent years, some U.S. and Israeli analysts have said that U.S. aid to Israel should be reevaluated because Israel is now a wealthy country—the fourteenth richest per capita—with one of the most advanced militaries in the world. Unlike Cold War-era Israel in the 1970s, when large amounts of U.S. aid started to flow, modern Israel is more than capable of providing for its own security, and the U.S. aid unnecessarily distorts the bilateral relationship and the countries’ respective foreign policies, these observers say. CFR Senior Fellow Steven A. Cook wrote in May 2024 that U.S. military aid should be phased out over ten years and replaced with a series of bilateral agreements on security cooperation, a move he says would benefit both countries and help normalize their relations.
The late Martin S. Indyk, former U.S. ambassador to Israel and CFR Distinguished Fellow, also called for reductions in U.S. aid. “The U.S.-Israel relationship would be a lot healthier without this dependence. Time for Israel at seventy-five to stand on its own two feet,” he wrote on X in June 2023.
Some experts argue that U.S. aid actually weakens Israel’s defense industrial base while serving primarily as a guaranteed revenue stream for U.S. defense contractors.
On the other hand, supporters of continued aid say that it fosters ongoing, important collaboration between U.S. and Israeli defense industries and experts, and in the end helps the countries counter shared threats in the Middle East, particularly Iran. U.S. aid remains a “vital and cost-effective expenditure” that enhances U.S. national security, and it should not be reduced or conditioned, wrote more than three hundred Republican lawmakers in 2021. Ending U.S. military aid today “would send a message to all of Israel’s enemies that Israel’s greatest friend was stepping away, so they should double down on their plans for more, and more deadly, assaults on the Jewish state,” wrote CFR Senior Fellow Elliott Abrams in September 2023.