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Showing posts with label Central America. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Central America. Show all posts

03 March 2016

FOREIGN POLICY EDITOR'S PICKS 2MAR16


Today, we look at how the United Arab Emirates is changing the future of governance, why the U.S. government should respond to the root causes of the Central American migration crisis, and why a Ukranian lawyer is lobbying for U.S. sanctions against Russia.
1
THE WAR ON DOCTORS: Across the Middle East, physicians, nurses, and patients are under assault like never before -- by the Syrian and Russian air campaign and the U.S.-backed Saudi war in Yemen, reports FP's Colum Lynch: Read more
2
THE AMERICAN BUNGA BUNGA: Like Silvio Berlusconi, Donald Trump is entertaining the masses. He’s also damaging his country’s democracy for a generation, writes Valentina Pasquali: Read more
3
MINISTRY OF HAPPINESS: In the midst of the Middle East’s chaos, the United Arab Emirates has become a laboratory for exciting new ideas about the future of governance, writes FP's David Rothkopf: Read more
4
THE GOVERNANCE CURE: If the United States really wants to curb illegal immigration from Central America, it should start by addressing the root of the problem, writes Robert Looney: Read more
5
DESPERATELY SEEKING SANCTIONS: As Nadia Savchenko, a detained Ukranian pilot, stands trial in Russia, her lawyer is in Washington in a last-ditch effort to get the help of the U.S. government, reports FP's Reid Standish: Read more
Sponsored Content
GERMAN FOREIGN MINISTER’S US VISIT: Steinmeier’s talks in New York and Washington this week highlighted the close coordination with the United States on urgent foreign policy issues, like Syria and Ukraine, and Germany’s OSCE chairmanship. Read more
Check in later when FP's Dan De Luce and Paul McLeary report on how American Special Forces are preparing the ground for Iraq’s long-delayed campaign to retake Mosul.


Foreign Policy Magazine
editorspicks@foreignpolicy.com

12 July 2014

El senador Jeff Flake dice que el 90 por ciento de los inmigrantes que figuran las fechas de corte falle en aparecer y el senador Flake: propuesta de Obama permitiría a los niños migrantes a 'desaparecen en la población "y la propuesta de la Casa Blanca para frenar el flujo de niños migrantes tiende a abordar de raíz las causas julio 8, 2014

SEN Jeff Flake (merecedor de su apellido) r tb AZ alimenta la histeria por la invasión de los niños de América Central , indocumentados y los inmigrantes de manera ilegal bajo la ley actual. Este es un problema, pero que necesita ser tratado con compasión y a través de los sistemas de inmigración y justicia y no con la mentira, el engaño, el racismo y la manipulación del miedo, sobre todo en estos tiempos económicos difíciles. Es triste Sen escama tiene que recurrir a este tipo de tácticas, uno pensaría que la gente de Arizona esperarían mejor de uno de sus senadores. Es aún más triste si en realidad está expresando sus puntos de vista. Desde + PolitiFact y + PBS NewsHour 
The Truth-O-Meter Says:
Escama

Cuando los niños indocumentados son recogidos en la frontera y "dijeron a aparecer más tarde en la corte ... el 90 por ciento no lo hace entonces aparecer."

Jeff Flake en Martes, 08 de julio 2014, en una entrevista en la PBS "News Hour"

El senador Jeff Flake dice que el 90 por ciento de los inmigrantes que figuran las fechas de corte falle en aparecer

El aumento de los niños no acompañados en la frontera EE.UU., provenientes principalmente de Honduras, Guatemala y El Salvador, ha superado la capacidad de Estados Unidos para manejar sus casos legales.
Una ley aprobada durante la presidencia de George W. Bush y destinado a frenar la trata de personas requiere que los menores procedentes de Centroamérica que llegan a la frontera deben tener sus casos ante la corte antes de que puedan ser deportados. En la actualidad, los niños esperan un promedio de 578 días antes de una audiencia - retrasos que son seguros para alargar si el flujo de niños ha disminuido.
Una de las más flamantes $ 3,7 mil millones el presidente Barack Obama está solicitando en un proyecto de ley de gastos suplementarios para la frontera sería para aumentar la capacidad de los tribunales para manejar la carga de trabajo de los niños recién llegados.
En este contexto, el senador Jeff Flake, republicano por Arizona., ofreció una estadística notable sobre el tratamiento judicial de las personas que llegan a la frontera de los EE.UU.. En un 08 de julio 2014, entrevista en la PBS News Hour , Flake destacó los riesgos de tener un gran número de personas que salen en los Estados Unidos a la espera de una audiencia - en particular el riesgo de que fracasen en aparecer y aumentar el número de indocumentados inmigrantes en el país.
"Cuando estos niños se entregan fuera de la Patrulla Fronteriza, el papel (del gobierno) es colocar realmente los hijos al cuidado de un tutor o un miembro de la familia", dijo Flake. "Y entonces lo que el expediente demuestra es que se les dice a aparecer más tarde en la corte, donde se adjudicó su caso. Pero el 90 por ciento de ellos, el 90 por ciento, no se mostrará en la corte más tarde."
Un lector nos llamó la atención a esto, citando datos de forma pronunciada en conflicto, así que decidimos echar un vistazo.
El lector nos indicó un informe del Centro de Política Bipartidista - un think tank fundado por ex líderes del Congreso de ambos partidos - que citó cifras mucho más pequeñas que 90 ciento.
El informe utilizó datos de la Oficina Ejecutiva para Revisión de Inmigración, encargada por el Departamento de Justicia con el manejo de los procedimientos judiciales de inmigración, opiniones de apelación y audiencias administrativas. Entre 2003 y 2012, el porcentaje de todos los inmigrantes que no se presentó en la corte después de ser liberado se ha recuperado entre 20 por ciento y 40 por ciento, de instalarse en un 30 por ciento al final de ese lapso de tiempo. (No hay datos para los niños es particularmente disponibles de este conjunto de datos de larga duración.)
Eso es sustancialmente inferior a la cifra del 90 por ciento de la escama citada.
Mientras tanto, en un 10 de julio la audiencia del Comité de Asignaciones del Senado - que tuvo lugar dos días después de las declaraciones de la escama en PBS - Juan P. Osuna, director de la Oficina Ejecutiva de Revisión de Inmigración, dijo al panel que su departamento estima que el 46 por ciento de los niños que actualmente no logran presentarse a la fecha en la corte. Él dijo a los legisladores que cualquier otro número son "correctos".
Comprobamos con expertos en política de inmigración para ver si las estadísticas federales o estimación de Flake parecían más precisa, y estuvieron de acuerdo en que las estadísticas federales cuadraba con su comprensión a largo plazo de la cuestión.
" No estoy al tanto de los datos que muestra un 90 por ciento de tasa de no-show ", dijo Marc R. Rosenblum, director adjunto del Programa de Política de Inmigración de EE.UU. del Instituto de Política Migratoria. Agregó que el rango de largo plazo de 20 por ciento a 40 por ciento coincide con lo que el Instituto VERA encuentra entre 1997 y 2000 cuando se estudió el problema en un contrato federal para realizar un seguimiento de los casos individuales de inmigración.
El Centro de Política Bipartidista también expresó su escepticismo sobre el 90 por ciento figura. "En base a los datos federales que hemos visto, sabemos que entre 2008 y 2012, alrededor de 70 a 80 por ciento de todos los inmigrantes se presentó para su comparecencia ante el tribunal", dijo Rosemarie Calabro Tully, un portavoz del grupo. Más tarde se nos pasó la estimación Osuna dio a la comisión del Senado.
Cuando contactamos con la oficina de Flake, dijeron fuentes de la senadora para la estadística era un comentario por Judicial de la Cámara, el presidente Bob Goodlatte, R-Va., en un desayuno de medios de comunicación patrocinados por el cristiano Science Monitor . el 26 de junio El monitor no se imprimió una cita directa, pero he aquí un extracto del artículo: "En este momento, (Goodlatte) dijo, la ley no permite que los menores de edad, que se celebrará en un centro, por lo que se liberan a los familiares o de cuidado de crianza, y luego se da una fecha de corte para reaparecer. Más del 90 por ciento no lo devuelva, dijo. "
Así que nos pusimos en contacto la oficina del Goodlatte. La oficina de Goodlatte dijo que durante su visita a la estación de la Patrulla Fronteriza de McAllen en el Valle del Río Grande en julio, Goodlatte escuchó de agentes de la Patrulla Fronteriza que sólo el 26 por ciento de los detenidos no se presentó para un proceso de deportación. Ellos dijeron las autoridades no dieron un porcentaje de los que habían sido puestos en libertad y no se presentaron.
Ellos citaron un artículo en NewsMax , una publicación en línea conservadora, que citó un "detective del Sheriff del Condado de Los Angeles de alto nivel que se ocupa habitualmente con los inmigrantes ilegales" anónimo quien dijo que "un número masivo - de 80 a 90 por ciento" no se presentó a las audiencias de deportación. Sin embargo, la oficina de Goodlatte reconoció que esto era evidencia anecdótica.
oficina de Goodlatte también señaló que ya hay piscina significativa de inmigrantes cuya deportación final, ha sido ordenado, pero no lleva a cabo. Al menos 858.779 extranjeros no son detenidos deportables, pero no han sido deportados, muchos de los cuales están ahora en el radar de las autoridades, según los cálculos realizados por el Centro de Estudios de Inmigración en base a datos federales. Este es un tema relacionado y notable, pero un poco diferente de lo que dijo Flake o Goodlatte.
Expertos nos registramos con hizo notar una advertencia: No hay manera de saber si el actual grupo de recién llegados se comportará de manera diferente en lo que respecta a aspectos de la corte que sus predecesores tener. De hecho, debido al retraso acumulado, es poco probable que muchos de los menores detenidos en el 2013 o 2014 han tenido su cita en la corte presentado ya, y hasta su comparecencia ante el tribunal se haya completado, el Gobierno no va a saber cómo muchos terminan yendo y cuántos dejan de aparecer. Nuestra resolución Flake dijo que cuando los niños indocumentados son recogidos en la frontera y "dijeron a aparecer más tarde en la corte ... 90 por ciento no entonces apareció." Históricamente, la tasa ha oscilado entre el 20 y 40 por ciento y se estableció en alrededor del 30 por ciento en 2012, el año completo más reciente para el cual hay datos disponibles. Una estimación más reciente para los niños específicamente, realizados por el director de la oficina responsable del manejo de estos casos, es que la actual tasa de no-show para niños es de 46 por ciento. Eso sigue siendo bastante alto, pero es sólo la mitad de lo que dijo Flake. Nos daría la falsa afirmación.



Acerca de esta declaración:
Publicado: Jueves, 10 de julio 2014 a las 18:20 Temas: Niños , Política Exterior , Inmigración , Asuntos Legales Fuentes: Jeff Flake, entrevista en la PBS News Hour , 08 de julio 2014 el Centro de Política Bipartidista, " Niñez migrante por los números "06 2014 Departamento de Justicia de EE.UU., la página de índice para la Oficina Ejecutiva para Revisión de Inmigración Anuarios Estadísticos , consultado el 10 de julio 2014 el Departamento de Justicia de EE.UU., Oficina Ejecutiva para Revisión de Inmigración página principal , consultado el 10 de julio 2014 Comité de Asignaciones del Senado, " Comité Completo Audición: Suplementarias y de Emergencia Solicitud del Presidente ", 10 de julio 2014 Christian Science Monitor " ? La reforma migratoria Esto es lo que Obama debe hacer en primer lugar, un republicano de más alto dice : "26 de junio 2014 la Institución Brookings, " el aumento de los niños no acompañados desde América Central: Una crisis humanitaria en nuestra frontera ", 02 de julio 2014 NewsMax, " avalancha de inmigrantes ilegales que entran a un barrio cerca de usted , "01 de julio 2014 New York Times , " Obama pide por $ 3.7 billones de Ayuda Fronteriza ", 08 de julio 2014 Centro de Estudios de Inmigración, " Números de deportación Unwrapped: Estadísticas primas revelan la verdadera historia de ICE Enforcement en decadencia ", de octubre de 2013 Vera Institute of Justice, " El Programa de Asistencia Apariencia: sustitución de la prisión para los no ciudadanos en proceso de deportación de inmigración de EE.UU. , "visitada 10 de julio 2014 Email entrevista con Rosemarie Calabro Tully, portavoz del Centro de Política Bipartidista, 10 de julio 2014 Email entrevista con Marc R. Rosenblum, director adjunto del Programa del Instituto de Política Migratoria EE.UU. Inmigración Política, 10 de julio 2014 entrevista Email con Bronwyn Lanza Chester, portavoz Jeff Flake, 10 de julio 2014 Escrito por: Louis Jacobson Investigado por: Louis Jacobson Editado por: Angie Drobnic Holan 
 
Senador Flake: propuesta de Obama permitiría a los niños migrantes a 'desaparecer en la población'
08 de julio 2014 a las 6:14 pm EST
 
 http://youtu.be/1n20AJi0o0I
Publicado el 08 de julio 2014
El senador Jeff Flake, republicano por Arizona., Se une a Gwen Ifill de compartir su opinión acerca de 3,7 mil millones dólares la propuesta del presidente Obama para hacer frente a la ola de los menores no acompañados que cruzan la frontera sur. Critica la propuesta de asignación de demasiado dinero para el Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos, y se analizan los cambios a una ley de lucha contra el contrabando y la perspectiva de una reforma migratoria en una casa dividida.

TRANSCRIPCIÓN

GWEN IFILL: Por otro punto de vista, nos ocupamos ahora de senador republicano Jeff Flake de Arizona, miembro del Comité Judicial del Senado Committee.Senator Flake, gracias por estar con nosotros.
Usted firmó una carta recientemente, a finales del mes pasado, en el que se instó al gobierno de no dar un tratamiento especial a estos niños que cruzan las fronteras. ¿Tiene la propuesta del presidente, su solicitud hoy, ¿Satisface tus inquietudes? SEN. Jeff Flake, R, Arizona: Bueno, no, no es así. Pero déjame primero decir que escribí una carta con el senador McCain y el senador Feinstein, y me escribió una carta animando al presidente y la administración para dejar claro que los que están llegando ahora, estos menores no acompañados, es poco probable que calificar para la acción diferida o cualquier legislación propuesta por el Congreso. y aplaudo al presidente por hacer esa declaración y su administración. El problema que veo con esto - con esta propuesta ante el Congreso es, la mayor parte del dinero, $ 1.8 mil millones de la misma, irá al Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos. Eso no es dinero que va a deportar a cualquier persona o para proporcionar la vigilancia fronteriza. Eso es dinero para resolver realmente estos niños con las familias o tutores en algún lugar del país. Y así, en el mejor de que es un mensaje muy, muy mezclado, y en el peor, se está diciendo a los cárteles y los traficantes de personas que la misma situación que tenemos ahora va a continuar y mantener a los niños venir. GWEN IFILL: A ver si esta correcto . Usted cree que ese dinero va a mantener a los niños en el país, en lugar de hacerse cargo de ellos mientras están aquí antes de que sean devueltos? SEN. Jeff Flake: Bueno, si nos fijamos en lo que HHS, su papel cuando estos niños se entregan fuera de la Patrulla Fronteriza, su papel es colocar realmente los hijos al cuidado de un tutor o un miembro de la familia. Y entonces lo que muestran las fichas es que se les dice a aparecer más tarde en la corte, donde se adjudicó su caso. Pero el 90 por ciento de ellos, el 90 por ciento, entonces no apareció en la corte más tarde. Y así, lo que realmente está diciendo a los cárteles y los contrabandistas es que la misma situación va a continuar. Ahora, la administración hace que el punto de que ese es un requisito de la ley actual. Es por eso que tenemos que cambiar la ley actual. La ley contra el contrabando aprobada en 2008, dice que los niños de América Central, si usted está en un país no contiguo, entonces - tienen que ser tratados de manera diferente. Y usted tiene que tener un día en la corte con un juez, en lugar de ser manejado administrativamente, al igual que hacemos con los niños de México o de Canadá. GWEN IFILL: Y si no recuerdo mal, en 2007, cuando estaba en la casa, que de hecho se opuso a la ley original. SEN. Jeff Flake: yo lo hice. Debo decir que me opuse en razones presupuestarias. No había previsto que esto ocurra. Pero, sin duda, debemos cambiar eso ahora, y creo que el presidente dijo inicialmente que tenía que ser cambiado, y ahora tal vez ha retrocedido un poco. Pero tenemos que cambiar eso, porque, hasta que lo hagamos, siempre y cuando estos niños se colocan con el HHS, el HHS no hace la debida diligencia. No es su trabajo, ellos le dirán que, para determinar a quién le están colocando estos niños con . Una vez que estén colocados en algún lugar del país, el 90 por ciento de ellos no se presentó a una cita en la corte. Y así, el mensaje es claro, muy claro, a los carteles y traficantes de personas y las familias para seguir adelante y continuar para enviar a sus hijos aquí, porque, a pesar de lo que podemos decir hasta que estemos azul en la cara la mayoría de ellos no lo harán calificar para los programas aquí en los EE.UU. para tener algún tipo de tratamiento, sus hijos recibirán el tratamiento o que simplemente van a desaparecer en la población. GWEN IFILL: ¿Entonces usted no cree que - de ninguna manera que los niños deben ser tratados de manera diferente SEN. Jeff Flake: Bueno, lo que yo creo es que los niños, ya sean de México o si son de Honduras o El Salvador, deben ser tratados de la misma. El problema es que se trata de una laguna en la ley. No previmos lo que sucedería cuando esta ley contra el contrabando fue aprobada en 2008. Y las personas muy sabias a esta hemos aprovechado esta ley para hacer que los niños en el país y, a continuación, a sabiendas de que tienen que comparecer ante el tribunal, y el sistema judicial es tan respaldado - y que debo señalar que el dinero aquí por los jueces para agilizar el proceso judicial es muy mínimo. Es sólo pienso en $ 50 millones, en comparación con $ 1.8 mil millones para el HHS para colocar en realidad estos niños en los hogares . Así que es - el mensaje es bastante malo aquí. GWEN IFILL: Usted es uno de los miembros del Senado que ha sugerido que debería haber algún tipo de reforma migratoria más amplia, sin embargo, también ha dicho que no habrá ningún apetito para que en el House, que va a estar al lado de cero posibilidades de que eso suceda este año. Teniendo en cuenta que, ¿crees que hay una oportunidad en absoluto para la Cámara y el Senado para acordar incluso la revisión legislativa que se está sugiriendo aquí? SEN. Jeff Flake: Bueno, eso espero. Y me alegro de que usted hizo ese punto. Soy un miembro de la cuadrilla de ocho. Creo en la reforma migratoria. Estoy de acuerdo con el presidente que lo necesitamos. Y parte del problema aquí es que nunca va a llegar, siempre y cuando esta crisis persiste. Yo creo que hay apetito en la Cámara y en el Senado sobre una base bipartidista para solucionar realmente el problema. Y debo mencionar, en 2005, tuvimos un gran problema con los llamados OTM, o que no sean mexicanos, venida, y en gran parte de Brasil. Encontraron - brasileños, es una comunidad muy unida. Descubrieron que podían explotar nuestra ley, y tuvimos un gran número que viene. Y así que había un programa llamado Texas Hold 'Em realidad donde todos ellos capturados, no ponerlos en libertad, y dentro de 30 días, el número de brasileños venida en realidad se redujo en un 50 por ciento. Y, dentro de los 60 días, se redujo en un 90 ciento. Y así tenemos que tratar a este mismo camino. GWEN IFILL: Supongo que mi - me perdone. Mi pregunta era si el Congreso tiene la voluntad de hacer algo como eso en este momento. SEN. Jeff Flake: Yo creo que sí. Esta es una crisis de este tipo. Y tener en cuenta, esta es una crisis humanitaria horrible. Estos niños se están poniendo en las manos de los contrabandistas que no tienen sus mejores intereses en el corazón. Pero te puedo decir que no vamos a detener la ola hasta que la gente en Honduras y El Salvador y Guatemala realmente ven un avión de regreso con los niños en él, y aquellos padres decir, pasé 5.000 dólares para enviar a ese niño a los Estados, y ahora están regresando. Fue entonces cuando se le detener la marea. Eso es cuando usted va a hacer algo que es bueno por razones humanitarias. Y por eso tenemos que cambiar esa ley que está permitiendo que el vacío legal que permite a estos cárteles para explotar estos niños. GWEN IFILL: Senador Jeff Flake, republicano de Arizona, muchas gracias por estar con nosotros. SEN. Jeff Flake: Gracias.

Propuesta de la Casa Blanca para frenar el flujo de los niños migrantes se dirige a atacar las causas fundamentales

08 de julio 2014 a las 6:07 pm EST
 

TRANSCRIPCIÓN

GWEN IFILL: Presidente Obama está solicitando $ 3.7 mil millones en fondos de emergencia desde el Congreso para hacer frente a la afluencia de los menores no acompañados que cruzan la frontera sur. Alrededor de la mitad del dinero sería utilizado en la atención para los más de 50.000 niños que han llegado a los EE.UU. desde octubre, en su mayoría de América Central. El resto se destina a agentes de la Patrulla Fronteriza, los jueces de inmigración adicionales, la vigilancia y los nuevos centros de detención.
Estamos unidos ahora por Cecilia Muñoz, directora de Política Interior Council.Thank del presidente gracias por estar con nosotros.
¿Podrías contarnos lo que en la propuesta del presidente frenaría el flujo de inmigrantes? CECILIA MUÑOZ, de la Casa Blanca Consejo de Política Interior: Bueno , hay varias cosas. En primer lugar, hay una serie de disposiciones y recursos para nuestros países socios de América Central para asegurarse de que estamos tratando con las causas profundas de la migración, que estamos rompiendo las redes de contrabando, que es un factor muy importante en esta migración, y que en realidad estamos ayudando a crear centros para el proceso de repatriación y reintegración de esas personas que van a ser devueltos. Así que, ese es un elemento muy importante de lo que estamos viendo Aquí. Y entonces estamos también, como usted ha mencionado, las cosas Los crecientes como los jueces de inmigración, los funcionarios de asilo para asegurarse de que podemos honrar cualquier reclamo humanitarias de niños u otras personas que vienen hacia adelante y podrían calificar para algún tipo de alivio. Pero para otros que somos no va a calificar para el alivio, queremos asegurarnos de que podemos conseguir que las respuestas a sus casos con celeridad y luego se le retirarán a sus países de origen, en cooperación con sus países de origen. Pero lo más importante aquí es asegurarse de que nos estamos enfocando en las redes de contrabando, que estamos tratando con las causas profundas y que somos capaces de gestionar eficazmente la migración que ya ha llegado a nuestra frontera. GWEN IFILL: ¿Qué diría usted que son las causas principales? CECILIA MUÑOZ: Bueno, es una combinación de la violencia y la pobreza en América Central, pero sobre todo el contrabando de redes que están comercializando activamente a las personas la falsedad de que si gastan dinero para sus hijos - a poner a sus hijos en manos de los traficantes y hacer este viaje increíblemente peligroso que cuando luego llegar a los Estados Unidos, se les permitirá - se les dará permiso para quedarse permanentemente. Esto es incorrecto. Y es, obviamente, influye la decisión de que los padres están haciendo lo que pone a sus hijos en realidad muy grave peligro. Así que estamos trabajando muy duro para desbaratar las redes, sino también para obtener información precisa a las personas que podrían estar haciendo esta decisión de poner a sus hijos en este tipo de peligro. GWEN IFILL: Usted debe ser consciente de que los defensores de la reforma migratoria, porque se han reunido con ellos, creo que esto puede ser un poco demasiado duro, que en realidad te estás castigando a los niños que están tratando de escapar y deben ser tratados como refugiados en su lugar. CECILIA MUÑOZ: Bueno, estamos haciendo lo más claro posible que los que tienen pretensiones humanitarias, vamos a hacer el mejor trabajo posible de escuchar esas reclamaciones, asegurándose de que proveemos de alivio cuando esté disponible bajo la ley para aquellos que cumplen con la norma. Pero también debe quedar claro que la norma de asilo o de otros tipos de demandas humanitarias es muy alta. Y pensamos, simplemente teniendo en cuenta la historia de este tipo de reclamaciones, que la mayoría de la gente que están surgiendo que lleguen en los EE.UU. tienen pocas probabilidades de calificar para el alivio, y así, con nuestra responsabilidad bajo la ley para asegurarnos de que volver la gente, pero la comprensión, especialmente en el caso de los niños que tendremos que estar haciendo esto de una manera que no las pone en peligro, además, que colaboramos con sus países de origen para asegurarse de que esto se haga correctamente. Así , nos estamos acercando a esto como una situación humanitaria urgente. Pero también es cierto que tenemos que dejar claro a todos los padres que podrían estar tomando la decisión puso a su hijo en manos de traficantes y contrabandistas que esto es una cosa muy peligrosa de hacer y que no debe hacerlo sobre la base de la falsa premisa de que están estatus en los Estados Unidos garantiza, porque eso simplemente no es verdad. GWEN IFILL: Hablando de la colaboración, el presidente cuando viaja a Texas mañana se reunirá con el gobernador Rick Perry. ¿Qué es lo que tiene la esperanza de compartir con él o demasiado - ¿qué tipo de apoyo es que la esperanza de obtener de él por esta propuesta? CECILIA MUÑOZ: Bueno, él invitó al gobernador a unirse a él en una reunión con activistas y líderes religiosos que están trabajando para hacer algo sobre el problema, que están trabajando para ayudar a las instalaciones abiertas para algunos de estos niños en Texas. Así que él está esperando una colaboración bipartidista, no sólo con el gobernador, sino en el Congreso. El presidente, como usted ha mencionado, envió una solicitud de fondos de emergencia para asegurarse de que tenemos los recursos para hacer frente a esta situación con eficacia y rapidez. Tenemos gente de ambos lados del pasillo hablando de qué tan grave es este problema. Tenemos la esperanza de cooperación a ambos lados del pasillo para hacer frente a ella. GWEN IFILL: ? Si el presidente se va a la frontera para ver las condiciones para el propio CECILIA MUÑOZ: Bueno, el presidente se centra, como lo ha sido a lo largo de este situación, en asegurarse de que el gobierno en todo el gobierno federal está haciendo todo lo posible para hacer frente a la situación de manera eficaz. Así que incluye asegurarse de que las diversas agencias del gobierno federal, del DHS al DOJ al HHS y el Departamento de Defensa , están trabajando en colaboración para dar cobijo a estos niños, a surgir nuestros recursos, para asegurarse de que podemos manejar estos casos con celeridad, para asegurarse de que estamos haciendo lo que deberíamos estar haciendo para romper estas redes de contrabando. El presidente se centra en lo que va a ser más eficaz en el tratamiento de un problema y que está instando a otros a hacer lo mismo. GWEN IFILL: Speaker Boehner ha sugerido que el presidente debería ser la habilitación de la Guardia Nacional para ir a la frontera para ayudar con la seguridad fronteriza. ¿Qué dices a eso? CECILIA MUÑOZ: Bueno, no está claro qué tipo de papel jugaría la Guardia Nacional. El problema no es que no estamos aprehender personas. Estamos, de hecho, la detención de un gran número de personas. La cuestión es tener las instalaciones para manejar los casos adecuadamente, para asegurarse de que los niños están recibiendo los tipos adecuados de atención, y para asegurarse de que tenemos la capacidad de oleada de recursos judiciales, los funcionarios de asilo para asegurarse de que estamos escuchando reclamos humanitarios dónde se están realizando. Esas no son cosas que la Guardia Nacional puede hacer. Y ya hemos llegado al Departamento de Defensa participa. Ellos han proporcionado hasta ahora tres instalaciones en las que estamos albergan niños. GWEN IFILL: ¿Cómo sabes que estos niños que ahora están diciendo básicamente tendrán que volver a casa una vez que han pasado por este proceso judicial, ¿cómo sabes que ' ? re - ¿cómo va a ser capaz de decir que no están siendo víctimas de la trata, de hecho, que no son refugiados CECILIA MUÑOZ: . Así que este es un proceso que ya existe Usted tiene que asegurarse de que hay - que hay la representación para los niños, que ha sido un reto. Estamos, de hecho, anunciamos un nuevo cuerpo de la justicia en el que estamos tratando de reclutar a abogados voluntarios para ayudar a proporcionar representación para estos niños. Hemos capacitado funcionarios de asilo, funcionarios capacitados que forman parte del sistema del DHS cuyo trabajo es asegurarse de que pueden tener este tipo de conversaciones de una manera que provoca la información que podría poner de relieve este tipo de la reivindicación humanitaria. Necesitamos más de esos oficiales. Eso es parte de lo que era -. Parte de la reforma de inmigración que el presidente ha estado empujando hacia delante tenemos un sistema de corte de inmigración atrasados. La reforma migratoria incluye más recursos, para que podamos traer a más jueces para este tipo de casos. Por lo tanto, vamos a surgir los recursos que tenemos que asegurarnos de que estamos tratando con estos nuevos operadores en la frontera, pero necesitamos algún tipo de cooperación en el Congreso para asegurarnos de que podemos aportar recursos adicionales para llevar a hacer . de forma más eficaz GWEN IFILL: Cecilia Muñoz, directora del Consejo de Política Nacional del Presidente, muchas gracias. CECILIA MUÑOZ: Gracias.

Sen. Jeff Flake says 90 percent of immigrants given court dates fail to show up & Sen. Flake: Obama’s proposal would allow migrant children to ‘disappear into the population’ & White House proposal to stem flow of migrant children aims to tackle root causes July 8, 2014

SEN jeff flake (deserving of his last name) r tb AZ feeds the hysteria over the invasion of children from Central America, undocumented, and so illegal immigrants under the current law. This is a problem, but one that needs to be dealt with with compassion and through the Immigration and Justice systems and not with lies, deception, racism and manipulation of fear, especially in these tough economic times. It is sad Sen flake has to resort to such tactics, one would think the people of Arizona would expect better of one of their Senators. It is even sadder if he is actually expressing their views. From +PolitiFact and +PBS NewsHour 
The Truth-O-Meter Says:
Flake

When undocumented children are picked up at the border and "told to appear later in court ... 90 percent do not then show up."

Jeff Flake on Tuesday, July 8th, 2014 in an interview on the PBS "News Hour"

Sen. Jeff Flake says 90 percent of immigrants given court dates fail to show up

The surge of unaccompanied children at the U.S. border, primarily coming from Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador, has overwhelmed the ability of the United States to handle their legal cases.
A law passed under President George W. Bush and aimed at curbing human trafficking requires that minors from Central America who reach the border must have their cases heard in court before they can be deported. Currently, children wait an average of 578 days before a hearing -- delays that are sure to lengthen if the flow of children continues unabated.
A substantial chunk of the $3.7 billion President Barack Obama is requesting in a supplemental spending bill for the border would be for increasing the courts’ ability to handle the caseload of newly arrived children.
In this context, Sen. Jeff Flake, R-Ariz., offered a notable statistic about the judicial treatment of people who arrive at the U.S. border. In a July 8, 2014, interview on the PBS News Hour, Flake outlined the risks of having large numbers of people released in the United States awaiting a hearing -- particularly the risk that they will fail to show up and boost the number of undocumented immigrants in the country.
"When these kids are handed off from the Border Patrol, (the government’s) role is to actually place those children in the care of a guardian or a family member," Flake said. "And then what the record shows is that they’re told to appear later in court, where their case will be adjudicated. But 90 percent of them, 90 percent, do not then show up in court later."
A reader called our attention to this, citing sharply conflicting data, so we decided to take a look.
The reader pointed us to a report from the Bipartisan Policy Center -- a think tank founded by former congressional leaders of both parties -- that cited figures far smaller than 90 percent.
The report used figures from the Executive Office for Immigration Review, which is tasked by the Justice Department with handling immigration court proceedings, appellate reviews and administrative hearings. Between 2003 and 2012, the percentage of all immigrants who failed to appear in court after being released has bounced between 20 percent and 40 percent, settling in at about 30 percent at the end of that time span. (No data for children specifically is available from this long-running data set.)
That’s substantially lower than the 90 percent figure Flake cited.
Meanwhile, in a July 10 hearing of the Senate Appropriations Committee -- which was held two days after Flake’s remarks on PBS -- Juan P. Osuna, the director of the Executive Office for Immigration Review, told the panel that his department estimates that 46 percent of children currently fail to show up for their date in court. He told lawmakers that any other numbers are "incorrect."
We checked with immigration policy experts to see whether the federal statistics or Flake’s estimate seemed more accurate, and they agreed that the federal statistics jibed with their long-term understanding of the issue.
"I’m not aware of data that shows a 90 percent no-show rate," said Marc R. Rosenblum, deputy director of the Migration Policy Institute’s U.S. Immigration Policy Program. He added that the long-term range of 20 percent to 40 percent matches what the VERA Institute found between 1997 and 2000 when it studied the issue on a federal contract to track individual immigration cases.
The Bipartisan Policy Center also expressed skepticism about the 90 percent figure. "Based on the federal data we’ve seen, we know that between 2008 and 2012, about 70 to 80 percent of all immigrants showed up for their court appearance," said Rosemarie Calabro Tully, a spokeswoman for the group. She later passed us the estimate Osuna gave to the Senate committee.
When we contacted Flake’s office, they said the senator’s source for the statistic was a comment by House Judiciary Chairman Bob Goodlatte, R-Va., at a media breakfast sponsored by the Christian Science Monitor on June 26. The Monitor didn’t print a direct quote, but here’s an excerpt from the article: "Right now, (Goodlatte) said, the law does not allow minors to be held in a facility, so they are released to relatives or foster care, and then given a court date to reappear. More than 90 percent do not return, he said."
So we contacted Goodlatte’s office. Goodlatte’s office said that while visiting the McAllen Border Patrol Station in the Rio Grande Valley in July, Goodlatte heard from Border Patrol agents that only 26 percent of those who were detained failed to show up for removal proceedings. They said officials didn’t give a percentage for those who had been released and failed to appear.
They cited an article in Newsmax, a conservative online publication, that cited an anonymous "senior Los Angeles County Sheriff's detective who routinely deals with illegal immigrants" who said a "massive number — 80 to 90 percent" do not show up for deportation hearings. However, Goodlatte’s office acknowledged this was anecdotal evidence.
Goodlatte's office also noted that there is already significant pool of immigrants whose final deportation has been ordered but not carried out. At least 858,779 non-detained aliens are deportable but haven’t been deported, many of whom are now off the radar of the authorities, according to calculations by the Center for Immigration Studies based on federal data. This is a related and notable issue, but somewhat different from what Flake or Goodlatte said.
Experts we checked with did note a caveat: There’s no way of knowing if the current group of new arrivals will behave differently in regard to court appearances than their predecessors have. Indeed, due the backlog, it is unlikely that many of the minors apprehended in 2013 or 2014 have had their court date come up yet, and until their court appearance is complete, the government won’t know how many end up coming and how many fail to appear.
Our ruling
Flake said that when undocumented children are picked up at the border and "told to appear later in court ... 90 percent do not then show up."
Historically, the rate has ranged between 20 percent to 40 percent, settling in at about 30 percent in 2012, the most recent full year for which data is available. A more recent estimate for children specifically, made by the director of the office responsible for handling such cases, is that the current no-show rate for children is 46 percent. That’s still quite high, but it’s only half what Flake said. We rate the claim False.
About this statement:
Published: Thursday, July 10th, 2014 at 6:20 p.m.
Subjects: Children, Foreign Policy, Immigration, Legal Issues
Sources:
Jeff Flake, interview on the PBS News Hour, July 8, 2014
Bipartisan Policy Center, "Child Migration by the Numbers," June 2014
U.S. Department of Justice, index page for Executive Office for Immigration Review Statistics Yearbooks, accessed July 10, 2014
U.S. Department of Justice, Executive Office for Immigration Review main page, accessed July 10, 2014
Senate Appropriations Committee, "Full Committee Hearing: President’s Emergency Supplemental Request," July 10, 2014
Christian Science Monitor, "Immigration reform? Here's what Obama must do first, a top Republican says," June 26, 2014
Brookings Institution, "The Surge in Unaccompanied Children from Central America: A Humanitarian Crisis at Our Border," July 2, 2014
Newsmax, "Flood of Illegal Immigrants Coming to a Neighborhood Near You," July 1, 2014
New York Times, "Obama Asks for $3.7 Billion to Aid Border," July 8, 2014
Center for Immigration Studies, "Deportation Numbers Unwrapped: Raw Statistics Reveal the Real Story of ICE Enforcement in Decline," October 2013
Vera Institute of Justice, "The Appearance Assistance Program: An Alternative to Detention for Non-citizens in U.S. Immigration Removal Proceedings," accessed July 10, 2014
Email interview with Rosemarie Calabro Tully, spokeswoman for the Bipartisan Policy Center, July 10, 2014
Email interview with Marc R. Rosenblum, deputy director of the Migration Policy Institute’s U.S. Immigration Policy Program, July 10, 2014
Email interview with Bronwyn Lance Chester, spokeswoman for Jeff Flake, July 10, 2014
Written by: Louis Jacobson
Researched by: Louis Jacobson
Edited by: Angie Drobnic Holan

Sen. Flake: Obama’s proposal would allow migrant children to ‘disappear into the population’

July 8, 2014 at 6:14 PM EDT
 http://youtu.be/1n20AJi0o0I
Published on Jul 8, 2014
Sen. Jeff Flake, R-Ariz., joins Gwen Ifill to share his take on President Obama's $3.7 billion proposal to tackle the wave of unaccompanied minors crossing the southern border. He criticizes the proposal for allocating too much money to the Department of Health and Human Services, and discusses changes to an anti-smuggling law and the prospect for immigration reform in a divided House.

TRANSCRIPT

GWEN IFILL: For another point of view, we turn now to Republican Senator Jeff Flake of Arizona, a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee.Senator Flake, thank you for joining us.
You signed a letter recently, late last month, in which you urged the government not to give special treatment to these children coming across the borders. Does the president’s proposal, his request today, does it satisfy your concerns?
SEN. JEFF FLAKE, R, Ariz.: Well, no, it doesn’t.
But let me first say I wrote a letter with Senator McCain and then Senator Feinstein, and I wrote a letter encouraging the president and the administration to make clear that those who are coming now, these unaccompanied minors, would be unlikely to qualify for deferred action or any legislation proposed by Congress.
And I applaud the president for making that statement and his administration. The problem I see with this — with this proposal before Congress is, the bulk of the money, $1.8 billion of it, will go to the Department of Health and Human Services. That’s not money that goes to deport anyone or to provide border enforcement.
That’s money to actually settle these children with families or a guardian somewhere in the country. And so at best it’s a very, very mixed message, and at worst, it’s telling the cartels and the human smugglers that the same situation we have now is going to continue and to keep the kids coming.
GWEN IFILL: Let me get this correct. You believe that that money is going to keep the children in the country, rather than to care for them while they’re here before they are returned?
SEN. JEFF FLAKE: Well, if you look at what HHS, their role when these kids are handed off from the Border Patrol, their role is to actually place those children in the care of a guardian or a family member.
And then what the records shows is that they’re told to appear later in court, where their case will be adjudicated. But 90 percent of them, 90 percent, do not then show up in court later. And so what you’re really saying to the cartels and the smugglers is that the same situation is going to continue.
Now, the administration makes the point that that’s a requirement of the current law. That’s why we need to change the current law. The anti-smuggling law passed in 2008 says that children from Central America, if you’re in a noncontiguous country, then we — have to be treated differently. And you have to have a day in court with a judge, rather than be handled administratively, like we do with kids from Mexico or from Canada.
GWEN IFILL: And if I recall correctly, in 2007, when were you in the House, you actually opposed the original law.
SEN. JEFF FLAKE: I did. I should say I opposed it on budget reasons. I didn’t foresee this happening.
But, certainly, we ought to change it now, and I think the president initially said that it did need to be changed, and now perhaps has backed off a little. But we have got to change that, because, until we do, as long as these kids are placed with HHS, HHS does no due diligence.
It’s not their job, they will tell you, to determine who they’re placing these kids with. Once they’re placed somewhere in the country, 90 percent of them don’t show up for a court date. And so the message is clear, very clear, to the cartels and human smugglers and the families to go ahead and continue to send your kids here, because, although we can say until we’re blue in the face most of them won’t qualify for programs here in the U.S. to have some kind of treatment, they will get treatment or they will simply disappear into the population.
GWEN IFILL: So you don’t believe that — in any way that children should be treated differently?
SEN. JEFF FLAKE: Well, what I believe is that children, whether they’re from Mexico or whether they’re from Honduras or El Salvador, should be treated the same. The problem is, it’s a loophole in the law. We didn’t foresee what would happen when this anti-smuggling law was passed in 2008.
And people very wise to this have taken advantage of this law to get kids into the country and then, knowing that they have to appear in court, and the court system is so backed up — and that I should point out that the money here for judges to expedite the court process is very minimal.
It’s just I think about $50 million, compared to $1.8 billion to HHS to actually place these kids in homes. So it’s — the message is actually quite bad here.
GWEN IFILL: You are among the members of the Senate who has suggested there should be some sort of broader immigration reform, yet you have also said that there will be no appetite for that in the House, that it will be next to zero chance of that happening this year. Given that, do you think there’s a chance at all for the House and the Senate to agree on even the legislative fix that you’re suggesting here?
SEN. JEFF FLAKE: Well, I hope so. And I’m glad you made that point.
I am a member of the gang of eight. I believe in immigration reform. I agree with the president that we need it. And part of the problem here is we will never get there as long as this crisis persists. I do think there’s appetite in the House and in the Senate on a bipartisan basis to actually fix this problem.
And I should mention, in 2005, we had a big problem with the so-called OTMs, or other than Mexicans, coming, and largely from Brazil. They found — Brazilians, it’s a tight-knit community. They found that they could exploit our law, and we had a large number coming. And so there was a program called Texas Hold ‘Em actually where they caught them all, didn’t release them, and within 30 days, the number of Brazilians coming actually dropped by 50 percent.
And, within 60 days, it dropped by 90 percent. And so we need to treat this the same way.
GWEN IFILL: I guess my — pardon me. My question was whether Congress has the will to do anything like that right now.
SEN. JEFF FLAKE: I do think so. This is such a crisis.
And keep in mind, this is a horrible humanitarian crisis. These kids are being put in the hands of smugglers that don’t have their best interests at heart. But I can tell you that we won’t stem the tide until people in Honduras and El Salvador and Guatemala actually see a plane coming back with children on it, and those parents say, I spent $5,000 to send that child to the States, and now they’re coming back.
That’s when you will stem the tide. That’s when you will do something that is good on a humanitarian basis. And so we have got to change that law that is allowing the loophole that allows these cartels to exploit these children.
GWEN IFILL: Senator Jeff Flake, Republican of Arizona, thank you for joining us.
SEN. JEFF FLAKE: Thank you.

White House proposal to stem flow of migrant children aims to tackle root causes

July 8, 2014 at 6:07 PM EDT

TRANSCRIPT

GWEN IFILL: President Obama is requesting $3.7 billion in emergency funds from Congress to deal with the influx of unaccompanied minors crossing the southern border. About half the money would be used on care for the more than 50,000 children who have arrived in the U.S. since October, mostly from Central America. The rest would be spent on Border Patrol agents, additional immigration judges, surveillance and new detention facilities.
We are joined now by Cecilia Munoz, director of the president’s Domestic Policy Council.Thank you so much for joining us.
Could you tell us what in the president’s proposal would slow the flow of immigrants?
CECILIA MUNOZ, White House Domestic Policy Council: Well, there are several things.
First of all, there are number of provisions and resources for our partner countries in Central America to make sure that we’re dealing with the root causes of the migration, that we’re disrupting the smuggling networks, which is an incredibly important factor in this migration, and that we’re actually helping them create centers for the process of repatriation and reintegration of those folks who are going to be returned.
So, that is a really critical element of what we’re seeing here. And then we’re also, as you mentioned, surging things like immigration judges, asylum officers to make sure we can honor any humanitarian claims from children or others that come forward and might qualify for some form of relief.
But then for others who are not going to qualify for relief, we want to make sure that we can get them answers to their cases expeditiously and then they will be removed to their home countries in cooperation with their home countries. But the most important thing here is making sure that we’re focusing on the smuggling networks, that we’re dealing with the root causes and that we’re effectively able to manage the migration that has already reached our border.
GWEN IFILL: What would you say are the root causes?
CECILIA MUNOZ: Well, it’s a combination of violence and poverty in Central America, but especially smuggling networks that are actively marketing to people the falsehood that if they spend money to get their children — to put their children in the hands of traffickers and make this incredibly dangerous journey that when then get to the United States, they will be allowed — they will be given permission to stay permanently.
This is incorrect. And it is obviously influencing a decision that parents are making which puts their children in really very grave danger. So we’re working very hard to disrupt those networks, but also to get accurate information to people who might be making this decision to put their kids in this kind of danger.
GWEN IFILL: You must be aware that immigration reform advocates, because you have met with them, think this may be a little too tough, that in fact you’re punishing the children who are trying to escape and should be treated as refugees instead.
CECILIA MUNOZ: Well, we’re making it as clear as possible that those who have humanitarian claims, we’re going to do the best possible job of hearing those claims, making sure that we provide relief when it’s available under the law to those who meet the standard.
But it should also be clear that the standard for asylum or other kinds of humanitarian claims is very high. And we think, just given the history of these kinds of claims, that a majority of the folks who are coming forward who are arriving in the U.S. are unlikely to qualify for relief, and so with our responsibility under the law to make sure that we return folks, but understanding especially in the case of children that we will need to be doing this in a way which doesn’t put them in any further danger, that we collaborate with their home countries to make sure that this is done properly.
So, we’re approaching this as an urgent humanitarian situation. But it’s also true that we have to make it clear to any parent who might be making the decision put their child in the hands of traffickers and smugglers that this is an incredibly dangerous thing to do and they shouldn’t do it based on the false premise that they’re guaranteed status in the United States, because that’s simply not true.
GWEN IFILL: Speaking of collaboration, the president when he travels to Texas tomorrow will be meeting with Governor Rick Perry. What is it he is hoping to share with him or too — what kind of support is he hoping to get from him for this proposal?
CECILIA MUNOZ: Well, he’s invited the governor to join him in meeting with advocates and faith leaders that are working to do something about the problem, that are working to help open facilities for some of these children in Texas.
So he’s hoping for a bipartisan collaboration, not only with the governor, but with the Congress. The president, as you mentioned, sent up a request for emergency funds to make sure that we have the resources to deal with this situation effectively and expeditiously. We have people on both sides of the aisle talking about how serious this problem is. We’re hoping for cooperation on both sides of the aisle in addressing it.
GWEN IFILL: Should the president be going to the border to see the conditions for himself?
CECILIA MUNOZ: Well, the president is focused, as he has been throughout this situation, on making sure that the government all across the federal government is doing everything that we can to deal with the situation effectively.
So that includes making sure that the various agencies of the federal government, from DHS to DOJ to HHS and the Defense Department, are working collaboratively to provide shelter for these kids, to surge our resources, to make sure we can handle these cases expeditiously, to make sure we’re doing what we ought to be doing to disrupt these smuggling networks.
The president is focused on what’s going to be most effective in dealing with a problem and he’s urging others to do the same.
GWEN IFILL: Speaker Boehner has suggested that the president should be empowering the National Guard to go to the border to help with border security. What do you say to that?
CECILIA MUNOZ: Well, it’s not clear what kind of role the National Guard would play.
The issue is not that we are not apprehending people. We are in fact apprehending large numbers of people. The issue is having the facilities to manage those cases properly, to make sure that children are receiving the appropriate kinds of care, and to make sure that we have the capacity to surge judicial resources, asylum officers to make sure we’re hearing humanitarian claims where they’re being made.
Those are not things that the National Guard can do. And we have already got the Defense Department engaged. They have provided so far three facilities where we’re housing children.
GWEN IFILL: How do you know that these children who you are now basically saying will have to go home once they have gone through this judicial process, how do you know they’re — how will you be able to tell that they’re not being trafficked, in fact, that they’re not refugees?
CECILIA MUNOZ: So this is a process which already exists.
You have to make sure that there are — that there’s representation for the kids, which has been a challenge. We in fact announced a new justice corps where we’re trying to recruit volunteer lawyers to help provide representation for these kids.
We have trained asylum officers, trained officers that are part of the DHS system whose job it is to make sure that they can have these kinds of conversations in a way which elicits the information which might highlight this kind of humanitarian claim. We need more of those officers. That’s part of what was — part of the immigration reform that the president has been pushing forward.
We have a backlogged immigration court system. The immigration reform included more resources, so that we can bring more judges to these kinds of cases. So, we’re going to surge the resources that we have got to make sure that we’re dealing with these new entrants at the border, but we need some cooperation in Congress to make sure that we can bring additional resources to bear to do this more effectively.
GWEN IFILL: Cecilia Munoz, director of the president’s Domestic Policy Council, thank you very much.
CECILIA MUNOZ: Thank you.

04 February 2011

Reagan’s Legacy (at 100) & REMEMBERING BENJAMIN LINDER from SOJOURNERS 3FEB11 & LIBERATIONTHEOLOGY.ORG

IT was during reagan's presidency that I was arrested at the cia for taking part in a non violent protest against his illegal covert wars in Central America. I still remember the event that outraged me enough go to the protest and be arrested. Benjamin Linder was a 27 year old American performing humanitarian work in Nicaragua when he was murdered on 28 APR 1987 along with two Nicaraguans, Sergio Hernandez and Pablo Rosales by cia supported contra rebels. To me, this represented the real reagan, someone who would be smiling at you while sticking a knife in your gut, and then walk away laughing. His administration was evil, corrupt and served the greedy interest of the wealthy and the military-industrial complex. This remembrance of him on what would be his 100th birthday this Sunday, 6 FEB 2011, from Sojourners followed by a remembrance of Benjamin Linder, Sergio Hernandez and Pablo Rosales from LiberationTheology.org
This Sunday would be Ronald Reagan’s 100th birthday, and the predictable tributes have come from across the political spectrum. President Barack Obama, for instance, wrote in USA Today, “No matter what political disagreements you may have had with President Reagan, and I certainly had my share, there is no denying his leadership in the world, or his gift for communicating his vision for America.” Mitt Romney called Reagan “a transformative president.”
Most commentators praise Reagan for his “optimism” and personal affability. But, as we wrote after his passing in 2004:
[P]residents — as all leaders — must be judged by history not on the basis of their personal likeability, but by the real-world effects of their policies. And Reagan’s policies were disastrous and destructive. While poverty worsened at home and abroad, he spent hundreds of billions of dollars on the largest peacetime military buildup in history, including $80 billion (and counting) for the fantasy of Star Wars and tens of billions for first-strike-capable nuclear weapons. Conventional wisdom, of course, holds that Reagan’s militarism “brought down the wall” of communism. Historians might well debate the opposite view: That his militaristic approach helped bolster the hardliners in the Soviet Union and forestalled rather than caused the inevitable downfall of the USSR and the end of the Cold War.
The Reagan administration ignored the burgeoning AIDS epidemic while tens of thousands died. Reagan’s crew sold arms to Iran — illegally — to support the U.S.-initiated contra war in Central America, where tens of thousands of other people died. The U.S. wars in Central America — mostly fought through death squads, paramilitaries, and U.S.-backed local armies — resulted in the death of untold thousands throughout the region, bookended by the 1980 murders of four U.S. churchwomen and the 1989 assassination of six Jesuits and their housekeeper and her daughter in El Salvador.
Closer to home, Reagan’s policies were equally devastating. He opposed virtually every civil and human rights initiative, from the 1964 Civil Rights Act through and including efforts to dismantle South Africa’s apartheid regime. On virtually every social issue – from race, welfare, and tax policy to school lunch programs and the environment – Reagan’s policies worked against the interests of the poor and marginalized and further enriched the wealthy and powerful.
Reagan’s most destructive legacy could very well be the mania for “deregulation” that he unleashed, starting with his declaration in his first Inaugural address that “Government is not the solution to our problem. Government is the problem.” Reagan’s intensive assault on checks and balances and the removal of reasonable constraints started a wave that washed up decades later as the tsunami that swamped Wall Street.
So go ahead, praise Reagan as a likeable man. Hold him up as a model of civility in contrast to the flame-throwing rhetoric his successors wield today. Even give him credit for recognizing the horror of nuclear weapons and seeking their abolition. But don’t let the revisionists whitewash one of the most damaging presidencies of the 20th century and the dangerous legacy it left us.
Jim Rice is editor of Sojourners magazine.


Ben Linder
(1959-1987)

The gift of a dreamer


"Ben Linder reminds me very much of those women and men who came from the South in the Civil Rights movement and by whose sacrifice and suffering we have the opportunity to be as free as we are in these United States... Black and white, Protestant, Catholic and Jewish. Ben Linder, I understand happened to be Jewish. The intensity of his dedication is really one of the finest examples of the prophetic and service tradition of Judaism in the world today."
"This was not an accidental death. This was a deliberate assassination. They knew he was an American. They knew what he was doing. He was simply building dams to provide fresh water and electricity to people in villages. But when you look at the other people the [Nicaraguan] contra have killed -- there were eight other foreign volunteer workers killed before Ben Linder. Approximately 100 medical workers killed. And a Baptist Center burned to the ground. There were more than 300 school teachers that have been killed. The war of the contras is not a war against the Sandinista government. It's a war against the Nicaraguan people -- against teachers, doctors, people trying to grow food."
"The United States of America cannot consider itself a bastion of freedom and human dignity if it continues to support the likes of these contras..."
"Ben Linder gave his life for us, that we might become partners in development, partners in freedom, with the people of Central America. God has blessed us by his sacrifice and his service. Hopefully your response tonight indicates that it will not be in vain."
Mayor Andrew Young
Memorial Service
Decatur, Georgia
May 3, 1987

 

Benjamin Linder had a dream. He wanted his life to make a difference. He wanted to contribute something important, something of service to those in need, something of his own to give back to others.
In his three and a half years in Nicaragua, this is exactly what he did. Graduating in 1983 with a degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Washington, he left his home in Oregon to live and work in Nicaragua, developing and building small hydroelectric plants in the town of El Cuá and San José de Bocay, bringing electricity to villages in northern Nicaragua for the first time.
The challenges were enormous -- battles with agency bureaucracies, uncertain water supplies through the dry and wet seasons, logistical challenges that required great ingenuity, the struggles of trying to fit into isolated communities where he was decidedly the stranger -- and always around him, the dangers of war, the fears of imminent attack by contras bent on destroying any efforts to make a success of the Nicaraguan revolution.
He didn't have to make this choice. He did not have to work in one of the most dangerous parts of the country. His doing so was a witness, a countersign to the policies of his own government in the United States.
In July 1979, the US-backed dictatorship of Anastasio Somoza was overthrown by a popular insurrection led by the Sandinista Front for National Liberation (FSLN). Not long after, the administration of President Jimmy Carter authorized the first financial and logistical assistance for the remnants of Somoza's brutal, US-trained National Guard. The original intent was to harass the new revolutionary government and try to influence the direction of its policies.
With the inauguration of President Ronald Reagan, the intent changed. Soon the secret policy goal of the US was to overthrow the Nicaraguan government. This goal was not officially acknowledged, since it is against the law. US CIA and military intelligence personnel began training the contras, built base camps for them along the border in Honduras, provided sophisticated weapons and equipment, carried out surveillance, provided logistical support, ordered the mining of Nicaraguan harbors, and provided an infamous counterinsurgency training manual that encouraged executions, torture, and other forms of terror.
The policy mushroomed into a full-fledged war, the infamous contra war, the main strategy of which was to undermine or destroy the Nicaraguan revolutionary experiment. By the war's end in 1990, over 30,000 Nicaraguans had been killed.
The US Central Intelligence Agency helped direct the war, sometimes selecting contra targets. Destruction of the country's electrical system was an essential part of the strategy.
This support continued even after Congress prohibited military aid to the contras, leading to the infamous Contragate scandal in which it was revealed that numerous US officials were involved in an illegal contra supply network.
Ben Linder's dream was cut down when he was only 27 years old. Linder and two Nicaraguans -- Sergio Hernández and Pablo Rosales -- were murdered in a contra ambush on April 28, 1987, as they had begun a day's work at the construction site for a new dam near San José de Bocay. The autopsy showed that Ben was first wounded by a grenade, then shot at point-blank range in the head. The two Nicaraguans were also murdered at close range, Rosales by a stab wound to the heart.
Linder's electrification project was indeed typical of contra targets, as were other sites in the area. Near El Cuá, the agricultural cooperative of El Cedro had been attacked three times resulting in several deaths. On March 19, 1987, four coop members tried to stave off a contra attack, providing cover for residents as they fled the assault. Two of them were killed, one a close friend of Linder's. The health clinic at the coop, its food supply center and a house were burned to the ground.
Many people involved in civilian projects supported by the government armed themselves in self-defense militias because of these attacks, and workers, including Linder, began to carry rifles. While this was later used as an excuse to justify Linder's murder by both contra and US officials, at the time of the ambush, Linder's rifle was lying on the ground and he was writing in a notebook.
In addition to sudden attacks and ambushes, land mines were a constant threat. The contras placed them on roadways used by civilian transport. Because of the poverty and isolation of the area, the main mode of transportation for most people was walking, horseback-riding, or grabbing a ride on a truck. By April 1987 scores of people had been killed or maimed in mine explosions. Even the simplest trip became a test of nerve. On May 24, 1986, a contra mine killed nine health workers on the road between El Cuá and San José de Bocay. Two months later, 35 people, including 12 children, were killed when a public transport truck ran over a mine.
Just one month before Linder's death, some 100 contras attacked the power plant in El Cuá. A mortar shell destroyed the home of the plant operators who barely escaped with their lives. In another incident, contras kidnapped a relative of one of the plant operators and threatened to kill everyone working on the project. The contras who killed Linder later admitted that they knew Linder and his work crew were building the hydroelectric plant.
The ambush was deliberate, part of a strategy to undermine support for the Sandinistas by destroying any benefits the revolution brought to the poorest of Nicaraguans, and demonstrating the cost to the people if they continued to support their government.
"My brother's death was not an accident. His death was policy," said John Linder after Ben's death.
Edgar Chamorro, a former contra leader who left the movement because of its brutality, claimed, "The CIA is very much in control of the contras. The CIA is sending a message to those in the international community who provide political support for Nicaragua that they are no longer safe there. The CIA and the contras are killing the best, the people who want the best for Nicaragua" (Witness, Vol. 70, No. 6, June 1987).
The Center for Constitutional Rights which took up the case on behalf of the family issued a report in April 1988 in which lawyers conclude: "The ambush was planned in advance and under the direct supervision of high-ranking contra leaders. The contras knew they were attacking a civilian development project and that there was at least one foreigner among its workers.
"The assassination of Benjamin Linder was part of a deliberate contra policy to murder civilians working in education, health and development programs. In 1986 the contras extended this policy of targeting development workers to include foreign as well as Nicaraguan civilians. Their goal was to dissuade foreigners from working in Nicaragua and to cut off support for development programs.
"The murder of Benjamin Linder also typifies the contra practice of executing prisoners.
"The government of the United States has armed and supplied the contras. It has trained and supervised them, and encouraged them to commit abuses through, for example, the CIA manual [Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare, 1985]. As the contras developed the policies of targeting civilians and foreigners and carrying out summary executions, the US government served as an apologist for contra behavior. By its consistent and uncritical support of the contras, the US government shares responsibility for the assassination policy which resulted in Linder's murder."
Ben's death created a sensation in the US. The personal tragedy of one family became the subject of fierce ideologically divided political debate. US embassy officials in Nicaragua admitted that they not only did not investigate the incident, but had no interest in doing so.
White House spokesman Marlin Fitzwater blamed the victim, saying US citizens working in Nicaragua "put themselves in harm's way" (NYT, April 30, 1987). Of course, this was exactly the fear that Linder's murder was designed to instill in others. Assistant Secretary of State Elliott Abrams, one of the contras' foremost champions and key player in the illegal network, said Linder simply should have known better than to be in a combat zone.
In May 1987, a Congressional hearing turned into a sordid display as contra apologists on the House Western Hemisphere Subcommittee made personal attacks on Linder's family and other witnesses who came to testify in support of Linder and his work. The Village Voice reported one exchange between Ben's mother Elizabeth, who had just given moving testimony to her son's work and motivations, and rightist Republican Rep. Connie Mack of Florida.
Said Mack: "I guess what really has me upset is that I just cannot understand how you can use grief that I know you feel, use it to politicize this situation. Or to allow yourself to be used to politicize this situation... I guess the reason I find this so difficult is that I don't want to be tough on you, but I really feel you have asked for it."
Over the visible gasps and hissing from the audience, Linder responded, "That was about the most cruel thing you could have said" (Village Voice, May 26, 1987).
The murder of Ben Linder and the growing distaste in the US for the dirty war in Nicaragua finally led to the prohibition of US military aid to the contras. But the contra policy, combined with a tight economic embargo on the impoverished country, had its effect. The country has never recovered.
In Nicaragua in the last days of April 1987, people around the world were deeply moved by the dignity and grief of the Linder family as they arrived in the country to bury their son. They walked at the head of a procession that stretched for seven blocks along the streets of Matagalpa.
Included among the grief-stricken throng was a group of children dressed as clowns. Besides being an engineer, Linder was an accomplished amateur juggler and clown. He had brought his unicycle with him to Nicaragua and delighted children and adults alike in many communities by riding through the streets, participating for a time in one of the country's circuses. He used his clowning to help children overcome their fears in vaccination campaigns, or to educate them on the dangers of diseases.
Just three weeks before his death, he participated in a vaccination campaign in Bocay by dressing up as the "Measles Monster," then went house to house on his unicycle to remind families to come to the clinic to be vaccinated.
The clowns in the funeral procession had been trained by Ben, and their presence in costume was their way of paying tribute to him.
The love of the people was a mirror reflecting who Ben Linder was in Nicaragua, a human being in a place of terrible violence inflicted on the hopes of the people. He was an expression of that hope, of the belief that with determination and persistence, dreams can come true -- lights can go on even in an impoverished isolated community such as El Cuá.
Said Elizabeth Linder: "My son was brutally murdered for bringing electricity to a few poor people in northern Nicaragua. He was murdered because he had a dream and because he had the courage to make that dream come true. Not many of us can say that. What was the dream? to make it possible for the peasants of a few villages to have a light bulb in their homes so their day doesn't have to end at six o'clock when it gets dark, to get drinking water to them so that their children don't have to die of diarrhea in the first years of their lives, to raise them out of poverty so they can raise their children with hope for the future... We understand why Ben came to Nicaragua, and we now understand even better why he stayed... Ben told me the first year that he was here, and this is a quote, 'It's a wonderful feeling to work in a country where the government's first concern is for its people, for all of its people.' I am grateful that he had his three and a half years in Nicaragua."
For the Nicaraguan people, Ben's witness showed the best, instead of the worst, of North Americans. A banner held at his funeral read: El pueblo norteamericano no es el pueblo de Reagan, es el pueblo de Benjamin Linder!!! -- "The people of the United States are not the people of Ronald Reagan, they are the people of Benjamin Linder!!" The importance of this witness to a people under siege for their very hopes of light and life is incalculable -- as it is to this day -- the meaning of solidarity.
Said brother John at the funeral, "He came here because Nicaragua represents hope... He knew that the suffering of a person knew no boundaries, and that, for him, to give all he had in a country where he was not born was just the same as giving it to his people... This hope is too deep to die with one person... This hope lies within all of us. Today all of us take a part of my brother, take a part of his hope, take a part of your hope, to do what we have to until Nicaragua can live in peace."
In a journal entry dated October 5, 1984, Ben wrote into his journal the words of Rabbi David Einhorn, a pioneering reform rabbi of the 1800s: "When justice burns within us like a flaming fire, when love evokes willing sacrifice from us, when, to the last full measure of selfless devotion, we demonstrate our belief in the ultimate triumph of truth and righteousness, then your goodness enters into our lives; then you live within our hearts, and we through righteousness behold your presence.
"The bush is burning, but the Voice has not yet spoken aloud; we can only feel, guess, hope; we cannot yet hear. But it may be that we must act in order to hear.
"I'm working in El Cuá. It is...the reality of the war. Zelaya province is falling under Contra control. They are killing children.
"I've asked myself what is my path. I've asked myself about my love for Alison and my family. I've asked myself about my love for my people. But we must act before we hear.
"I must not cower from the task ahead. In Nicaragua I was shown the trail ahead. Tonight I vow to set forth upon that trail...
"Great is the eternal power at the heart of life; mighty the love that is stronger than death."
Benjamin Linder, Sergio Hernández, Pablo Rosales, ¡Presente!

The Death of Ben Linder
Book about Ben Linder by Joan Kruckewitt