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Showing posts with label VOA. Show all posts

19 September 2025

POLITIFACT WEEKLY: Looming ACA plan hikes?, A Kirk book conspiracy theory., What online posts got wrong about Kirk shooting suspect's politics, Trump and wars: Did he ‘solve’ everything but the big ones?, Research doesn’t show using Tylenol during pregnancy causes autism. Here’s what else you should know. 18SEP25

 


 This week:  Research doesn’t support autism link to Tylenol use in pregnancy … AI-generated book not proof Kirk shooting was staged … Democratic leaders warn about ACA premium hikes … Trump signs 4th TikTok extension … Some conservatives push back on Attorney General Pam Bondi’s  “hate speech” definition
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After Kirk’s killing, confusion spreads about 2012 law and ‘propaganda’ 

Three days after Charlie Kirk was assassinated, President Donald Trump shared a supporter’s video pleading with him to reinstate a Cold War-era law she said punished media organizations for spreading falsehoods.

"I am hoping and praying that you will revisit what Barack Obama and Joe Biden got rid of back in 2013, which is the Smith-Mundt Act," the narrator said in a TikTok video that Trump reposted Sept. 13 on Truth Social. The supporter described the law as one that "held news corporations accountable for lying to the American people and spreading propaganda instead of truth."

The narrator urged Trump to reinstate the law and rename it the "Charlie Kirk Act." Sen. Mike Lee, R-Utah, seemed up to the task; on X, he posted, "In the coming days, I’ll be filing my previously drafted legislation to restore Smith-Mundt, and renaming it the Charlie Kirk Act. Domestic, political, government-funded propaganda must end now."

The Smith-Mundt Act was amended, not repealed. And it didn’t punish news corporations for their content. PolitiFact previously rated False the claim that Obama allowed the media to "purposely lie" when he signed the 2013 National Defense Authorization Act. That bill folded in the Smith-Mundt Modernization Act, which was introduced in 2012.

Claims that the Smith-Mundt Act held media "accountable for lying" mischaracterize that law, which did not apply to news content by private corporations. The Smith-Mundt Modernization Act amended the law to remove a ban on government-funded broadcasters disseminating their programming to American audiences upon request from media entities and others

The Smith-Mundt Act, or the U.S. Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, was enacted during the Cold War to enable the government to distribute information about the U.S., its people and policies to foreign audiences. The law led to the creation of the international broadcasting station Voice of America and its surrogates.

It also allowed U.S. media organization representatives to physically examine government-sponsored content at the State Department. But it prohibited the dissemination of that content to the American public.

In 2012, Democrat and Republican lawmakers co-sponsored the Smith-Mundt Modernization Act, which aimed to modify the existing law they called "outdated." "Eliminating the ban updates the law to reflect technology advances, removes a barrier to more effective and efficient public diplomacy programs, provides transparency of these programs to U.S. citizens, and allows the material to be available to inform domestic audiences," the lawmakers said in a press release.

We rated the social media post False.

— Loreben Tuquero

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Fact-checks of the week

  • A Kirk book conspiracy theory. Internet users found a book on Amazon that detailed Kirk's assassination — with a publication date preceding the shooting. "Can someone honestly explain to me how a book titled ‘The Shooting of Charlie Kirk: A Comprehensive Account of the Utah Valley University Attack, the Aftermath, and America’s Response’ was published on Amazon.com on SEPTEMBER 9TH, when the event took place on SEPTEMBER 10TH??" one user wrote Sept. 11 on X. A book with that title by an author listed as Anastasia J. Casey was briefly available on Amazon, and the site showed the book was published Sept. 9. But that was a technical error, Amazon told PolitiFact. The book, which was created using artificial intelligence, was published Sept. 10 after the fatal shooting. The erroneous publication date is not evidence that Kirk’s shooting was planned or staged. The e-book has since been removed from Amazon’s website.

  • Looming ACA plan hikes? With Congress grappling with ways to avoid a government shutdown, House Democratic Whip Katherine Clark, D-Mass., said, "Republicans are spiking health insurance premiums by 75% for everyday Americans.” If the Republican-controlled Congress does not extend Affordable Care Act enhanced subsidies before they expire at the end of this year, enrollees would have to pay more. KFF analysis of federal data found that the average increase in out-of-pocket coverage cost would be 79%, with state-by-state average increases ranging from 49% to 195%. This cost increase would come from a combination of insurance premium increases and the disappearance of subsidies. Clark’s statement is Mostly True.
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Social media users are questioning if authorities have the right person in the Charlie Kirk shooting. This is based on an FBI photo that was altered by AI. (Maria BriceƱo/PolitiFact)

What online posts got wrong about Kirk shooting suspect's politics

As soon as officials announced the name of Kirk's alleged assassin, internet theories about the suspect’s background and motives quickly outpaced confirmed facts.

Authorities said Tyler Robinson, a 22-year-old Utah resident, shot and killed Kirk Sept. 10 on the Utah Valley University campus. Announcing the arrest Sept. 12, Utah Gov. Spencer Cox shared four phrases etched on bullet casings found with a gun investigators believe was Robinson’s.

When the news became public, Americans began searching for information on Robinson and sharing theories about him and his family. Much of that information, especially in the early hours after the news broke, was inaccurate. Some online users chased wrong leads and implicated innocent people in the process. 

Here’s a look:

  • One X post identified a $225 donation to Trump’s 2020 presidential campaign from a Tyler Robinson in St. George, Utah. But that’s a different Tyler Robinson than the suspect, according to records.

  • An X post said Robinson was a registered Republican in Utah, "according to state records." That’s not what records show. The website voterrecords.com shows a person with identifying information that matches the suspect reflects he was an unaffiliated, inactive voter.

  • Social media users said Robinson was a member of the Salt Lake City Democratic Socialists of America. The organization said he is not a member of any of its chapters, and the photos and videos users have pointed to as evidence of his affiliation do not show Robinson. 

— Amy Sherman, Maria Ramirez Uribe and Louis Jacobson

Further reading'Rough road ahead': Kirk’s assassination highlights the rise in US political violenceOn Instagram: Check out our collaboration with PBS News Hour.

Trump and wars: Did he ‘solve’ everything but the big ones?

In a Sept. 12 Fox News interview, Trump said the Russia-Ukraine war “is the only war that I haven't solved." He brought up the Israel-Hamas war moments later.

We have previously rated Mostly False his statement that he "stopped six wars" since taking office. Trump has cited his work on conflicts between Israel and Iran; the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda; Cambodia and Thailand; India and Pakistan; Serbia and Kosovo; Egypt and Ethiopia; and sometimes Armenia-Azerbaijan. In some cases, our reporting found that Trump’s diplomacy helped resolve conflicts, but in others, his role was exaggerated, or the conflicts he cited weren’t “wars.”

As for Trump’s new statement about his war-ending record, it is not the case that he’s stopped all wars other than Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Hamas.

The Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights, an academic research organization based in Switzerland, periodically tracks wars going on around the world. Beyond the ones Trump said he had stopped, we found at least one example of a continuing conflict between two countries that the group classifies as a war: Eritrea and Ethiopia, with civilians in the Amhara, Oromia and Tigray regions hit by fighting.

More common are wars internal to one country. In at least a dozen countries — Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Iraq, Libya, Mali, Myanmar, Nigeria, the Philippines, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Yemen — the government is fighting internally against one or more non-state armed groups, the group says. And technically, North and South Korea are still at war, even if it’s been decades since a direct military attack on either side.

— Louis Jacobson

Research doesn’t show using Tylenol during pregnancy causes autism. Here’s what else you should know.

For years, Tylenol has generally been considered safe for treating pain and fever — even during pregnancy, when doctors discourage patients from using many medications. 

Doctors might even recommend taking Tylenol for pain or fever during pregnancy, because left untreated, they can pose their own health risks. 

But recent news reports about the federal government connecting Tylenol to autism have drawn fresh questions about the drug, and concerns. 

After years of research, no study has shown that acetaminophen, the main ingredient in Tylenol, causes autism. There’s no known single cause of autism, a neurological condition that influences how someone acts and communicates.

But some scientific terms, like "association," can confuse the issue. There’s some research that says there’s an association between taking acetaminophen during pregnancy and autism. There’s also some research that says there’s not an association. 

Either way, there’s an important caveat: "Association" is not the same as causation. That means that research showing an association between the medication and autism doesn’t mean the medication caused autism.

— Madison Czopek

Quick links to more fact-checks & reports 

Have questions or ideas for our coverage? Send me an email.

Thanks for reading!

Katie Sanders
PolitiFact Editor-in-Chief
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02 August 2024

Prisoner swap with Russia frees Americans including Evan Gershkovich and Paul Whelan & Historic prisoner swap frees Americans imprisoned in Russia (VOA VIDEO) 1AUG24



Historic prisoner swap frees Americans imprisoned in Russia

Americans Paul Whelan, Alsu Kurmasheva, Evan Gershkovich, and others are freed from Russian prisons in a deal involving 16 political prisoners exchanged for eight individuals requested by the Kremlin. With Liam Scott and Cristina Caicedo Smit, Jessica Jerreat reports. Patsy Widakuswara contributed. Cameras: Martin Bubenik, Krystof Maixner, Hoshang Fahim.

August 01, 2024 9:22 PM

 THANK God these hostages held by Russia have been freed! Thank God for the commitment of the Biden-Harris administration, the others in multiple government agencies and our allies involved in getting these people released! It is unfortunate there are still so many Americans and other innocents who are being held in captivity by Russia, Syria, Iran and other countries, we pray for their safety and release soon. AND people need to heed Pres Biden's and the government's warnings and not go to countries who do not honor people's universal human rights and civil liberties. From NPR and VOA.....

Prisoner swap with Russia frees Americans including Evan Gershkovich and Paul Whelan

Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich stands in a glass cage in a courtroom in Yekaterinburg, Russia, Wed., June 26, 2024.

Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich stands in a glass cage in a courtroom in Yekaterinburg, Russia, June 26.

‎‎/AP

In one of the largest prisoner swaps between the United States, its allies and Russia since the end of the Cold War, Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich and former U.S. Marine Paul Whelan are among more than a dozen prisoners released by Russia in exchange for Russian prisoners held by the United States and countries throughout Europe, U.S. officials said Thursday.

In all, under the deal, 16 political prisoners, journalists and others, including five Germans, are being exchanged for eight Russians jailed in the U.S., Germany, Norway, Slovenia and Poland. Among the Russians is Vadim Krasikov, a convicted Russian state assassin in German custody, as well as three other Russians in U.S. custody.

President Biden said the swap deal was “a feat of diplomacy” and thanked allies who worked with the United States on the deal. “This is a powerful example of why it’s vital to have friends in this world whom you can trust and depend on,” he said in a statement.

“Not since the Cold War has there been a similar number of individuals exchanged in this way,” said U.S. national security adviser Jake Sullivan, adding the exchange was the “culmination of many rounds of complex painstaking negotiations over many, many months.” Later on Thursday, Sullivan said President Biden would seek to build on the success to try to free Marc Fogel, a U.S. citizen still held in Russia, and other Americans held in Syria, Afghanistan and elsewhere.

Those returning to the U.S. from Russia include Gershkovich, Whelan, Russian-American journalist Alsu Kurmasheva, who works for U.S.-funded Radio Free Europe, and Russian journalist and dissident Vladimir Kara-Murza, a U.S. permanent resident.

Secretary of State Antony Blinken expressed appreciation to the Turkish government for "providing a location for the safe return of these individuals to the United States and Germany."

The Turkish government said in a statement that it had played a key role and “conducted the most extensive prisoner exchange operation of recent times in Ankara,” involving not only Whelan and Gershkovich, but also Rico Krieger, whom it identified as a German mercenary imprisoned in Belarus; Russian dissident Ilya Yashin; and Vadim Krasikov, whom it identified as a colonel in the FSB, Russia’s internal security service.

The statement said the operation was conducted by MIT, the Turkish intelligence service.

Gershkovich was arrested in Moscow in March 2023 and became the first U.S. journalist since the Cold War to be charged with espionage. Last month, a Russian court sentenced him to 16 years in prison, after he was accused by the Russian prosecutor of working with the CIA to collect information on a Russian arms company. Gershkovich, his employer and the U.S. government strenuously denied the allegations, and the U.S. considered Gershkovich wrongfully detained.

In a statement, Wall Street Journal editor in chief Emma Tucker said, "We can finally say, in unison, 'Welcome home, Evan.'”

Whelan, a Marine Corps veteran who holds U.S., British, Irish and Canadian citizenship, was arrested in Russia in December 2018 on charges of espionage he strongly denied. On June 15, 2020, a Moscow court sentenced Whelan to 16 years in prison.

In a statement on Thursday, his family said: "Paul was held hostage for 2,043 days. His case was that of an American in peril, held by the Russian Federation as part of their blighted initiative to use humans as pawns to extract concessions ... While Paul was wrongfully imprisoned in Russia, he lost his home. He lost his job. We are unsure how someone overcomes these losses and rejoins society after being a hostage. We are grateful for everyone’s efforts to help Paul while he was away. We hope you will continue to help him by providing Paul the space and privacy he needs as he rebuilds his life. It is Paul's story to tell and he will tell it when he is able."

Britain's Foreign Secretary David Lammy welcomed the release of Whelan and Kara-Murza, both of whom are British nationals. Mr Kara-Murza is a dedicated opponent of Putin’s regime," Lammy said in a statement. "He should never have been in prison in the first place: the Russian authorities imprisoned him in life-threatening conditions because he courageously told the truth about the war in Ukraine."

Stephen Capus, the president and CEO of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Alsu Kurmasheva's employer, said in a statement: "Alsu was targeted because she was an American journalist who was simply trying to take care of a family member inside Russia. She did nothing wrong and certainly did not deserve the unjust treatment and forced separation from her loving family members and colleagues. Alsu’s release makes us even more determined to secure the freedom of three other RFE/RL journalists, cruelly imprisoned in Belarus and Russian-occupied Crimea. We will not rest until all our unjustly detained journalists are home safe. Journalism is not a crime."

President Biden's national security adviser Jake Sullivan said that the president spoke to the freed prisoners from the tarmac at Ankara, where they were waiting to board their flight back. He said both Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris would be present at Joint Base Andrews Thursday night, when a plane is due to land with Whelan, Gershkovich and Kurmasheva.

Historic prisoner swap sees American journalists, ex-Marine freed from Russia

Evan Gershkovich, left, Paul Whelan, second-right, and Alsu Kurmasheva, right, are seen on board a plane in a photo posted by President Joe Biden on X Aug. 1, 2024. The individuals next to and behind Gershkovich are not identified.

WASHINGTON-The U.S. on Thursday confirmed a historic prisoner swap with Russia that included the release of American journalists Evan Gershkovich and Alsu Kurmasheva, former U.S. Marine Paul Whelan, and permanent resident Vladimir Kara-Murza.

In total, the U.S. secured the release of 16 individuals, including five wrongfully detained Germans and seven Russian citizens, in return for eight Russians held in the U.S., Germany, Poland, Norway and Slovenia.

It marked the largest prisoner swap between the United States and Russia since the Cold War.

“Today’s exchange will be historic. Not since the Cold War has there been a similar number of individuals exchanged in this way,” national security adviser Jake Sullivan told reporters at a briefing. “It’s the culmination of many rounds of complex, painstaking negotiations over many, many months.”

A Russian plane, rear center, believed to be carrying released Russian prisoners, is seen at Ankara Airport, Turkey, Aug. 1, 2024.
A Russian plane, rear center, believed to be carrying released Russian prisoners, is seen at Ankara Airport, Turkey, Aug. 1, 2024.

Sullivan said the deal also marks the first time so many countries and allies worked together to secure the release of wrongfully detained individuals.

Alongside the Americans, the deal secures the release of German nationals and Russian political prisoners, including Dieter Voronin, Kevin Lick, Rico Krieger, Patrick Schoebel, Herman Moyzhes, Ilya Yashin, Liliya Chanysheva, Kseniya Fadeyeva, Vadim Ostanin, Andrey Pivovarov, Oleg Orlov, and Sasha Skochilenko.

“Some of these women and men have been unjustly held for years. All have endured unimaginable suffering and uncertainty. Today, their agony is over,” U.S. President Joe Biden said in a statement. “The deal that secured their freedom was a feat of diplomacy.”

President Joe Biden, center, delivers remarks on a prisoner exchange with Russia, at the State Dining Room of the White House in Washington, Aug. 1, 2024, as family members of some of those swapped look on.
President Joe Biden, center, delivers remarks on a prisoner exchange with Russia, at the State Dining Room of the White House in Washington, Aug. 1, 2024, as family members of some of those swapped look on.

However, former President Donald Trump criticized the deal, saying on Truth Social, “Our ‘negotiators’ are always an embarrassment to us!” He had previously said he would be able to quickly get Gershkovich freed, but without specifying how.

Of the Americans, the longest held was Paul Whelan, a former U.S. Marine, who was arrested in Moscow in 2018. In 2020, he was sentenced to 16 years in a penal colony on spying charges that he and the U.S. government deny.

Wall Street Journal reporter Gershkovich and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty journalist Kurmasheva were both detained in 2023 and were convicted in separate closed trials on July 19, which were widely decried as shams.

And Kara-Murza, an activist and columnist for The Washington Post detained since April 2022, was also freed. The politician and historian won a Pulitzer for his letters written from prison.

On the Russian side, the Kremlin negotiated for the release of Vadim Krasikov, a Russian serving life in prison in Germany.

Sullivan told reporters: “It became clear that the Russians would not agree to the release of these individuals without an exchange that included Vadim Krasikov.”

Krasikov was convicted in the 2019 murder of a Chechen dissident in Berlin. He had previously been in the running to be exchanged for opposition leader Alexey Navalny, who died in February 2024.

Other individuals returning to Russia include Artem Viktorovich Dultsev and Anna Valerevna Dultseva from Slovenia; Mikhail Valeryevich Mikushin from Norway; Pavel Alekseyevich Rubtsov from Poland; and Roman Seleznev, Vladislav Klyushin and Vadim Konoshchenok from the United States.

Paul Beckett, an assistant editor at the Journal, who led the newspaper’s campaign to secure Gershkovich’s release, told VOA earlier this year that his colleague’s jailing highlights the dangers facing journalists around the world.

“It’s certainly a reminder for all of our reporters who are in dangerous places that journalism is a risky business,” Beckett said. “It is a noble and valued endeavor that some governments in the world really don’t like.”

Learning that Gershkovich had officially been released brought an array of emotions for Beckett, he told VOA on Thursday.

“Joy, gratitude, tears, smiles — everything at once,” he said. “We’re just delighted for Evan.”

After working on Gershkovich’s case for 16 months, Beckett said he’s looking forward to finally meeting the journalist for the first time. “I’m going to say, ‘Nice to meet you,’” Beckett said.

Gershkovich was jailed in March 2023 on espionage charges that are widely viewed as baseless and politically motivated.

“We are overwhelmed with relief and elated for Evan and his family, as well as for the others who were released,” The Journal’s publisher, Almar Latour, and editor in chief Emma Tucker said in a statement. “Unfortunately, many journalists remain unjustly imprisoned in Russia and around the world.”

Kurmasheva, meanwhile, is a Prague-based editor on the Tatar-Bashkir Service of VOA’s sister outlet Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. The dual U.S.-Russian national traveled to Russia in May of 2023 to care for her ailing mother.

When Kurmasheva tried to leave the country in June 2023, authorities confiscated her passports, and she was waiting for them to be returned when she was detained in October 2023.

Kurmasheva had not been designated by the U.S. State Department as wrongfully detained. A senior administration official told VOA, however, that Kurmasheva became part of the negotiations shortly after she was detained, and the U.S. is glad to bring her home.

A similar deal in 2022 led to American basketball player Brittney Griner being freed in exchange for Russian arms dealer Viktor Bout, who was serving a 25-year sentence in the United States.

RFE/RL welcomed Kurmasheva’s release in a statement.

“Alsu was targeted because she was an American journalist who was simply trying to take care of a family member inside Russia. She did nothing wrong and certainly did not deserve the unjust treatment and forced separation from her loving family members and colleagues,” RFE/RL’s president and CEO Stephen Capus said in the statement.

“Alsu’s release makes us even more determined to secure the freedom of three other RFE/RL journalists,” Capus added. Two RFE/RL journalists are currently jailed in Belarus, and one is jailed in Russian-occupied Crimea.

The U.S. Agency for Global Media, which oversees RFE/RL and VOA, also welcomed Kurmasheva’s release.

“This is such incredible news, and I am tremendously thankful to everyone who supported and advocated for Alsu’s release in the wake of Russia's callous injustice,” USAGM CEO Amanda Bennett said in a statement. “Journalism is not a crime. I am elated that Alsu is finally able to go home to her loved ones and close this painful chapter.”

Kurmasheva’s husband, Pavel Butorin, said that since her arrest, his primary concern has been the couple’s daughters.

“They’re old enough to understand the brutality of the regime that captured their mother,” he told VOA in early July at their Prague home. “We dream of our family being reunited after this ordeal.”

The couple’s eldest daughter, Bibi, said she missed the little moments with her mother, like when they blasted music together on the car ride to school in the morning.

“And on the way back home from school, she would always bring snacks, and we would always talk about our day. I really miss that,” the 16-year-old said.

The Biden administration has now helped secure the release of more than 70 Americans who were held hostage or unjustly jailed around the world, Biden said in his statement.

“I will not stop working until every American wrongfully detained or held hostage around the world is reunited with their family,” he said.

At a midday press conference, Biden spoke about the significance of the prisoner swap as the families of the newly released Americans stood behind him. Toward the end, people in the room sang happy birthday to Miriam Butorin, Kurmasheva’s youngest daughter, who will celebrate her 13th birthday on Friday.

“Now she gets to celebrate with her mom,” Biden said. “That’s what this is all about — families, able to be together again, like they should have been all along.

Patsy Widakuswara contributed to this report.